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Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Melanoma: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Delivery of Targeted Agents Publisher Pubmed



Mirzaei H1 ; Sahebkar A2 ; Avan A3 ; Jaafari MR4 ; Salehi R5 ; Salehi H6 ; Baharvand H7 ; Rezaei A8 ; Hadjati J9 ; Pawelek JM10 ; Mirzaei HR9
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  2. 2. Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  3. 3. Molecular Medicine Group, Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  4. 4. Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417613151, Iran
  10. 10. Department of Dermatology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, 06520-8059, CT, United States

Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry Published:2016


Abstract

Melanoma is a leading cause of mortality from skin cancer and has a poor prognosis. Despite rapid advances in the treatment of this tumor type, the efficacy of current chemo-/targeted-therapies is still limited owing to the lack of sufficient drug accumulation in the tumor tissue and development of chemo-resistance. Recently, the application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in cancer therapy has gained substantial attention, suggesting their potential roles as an intriguing vehicle in improving the delivery of targeted agents. MSCs are genetically modified with suicide tumor suppressor genes to inhibit cell signaling pathways associated with the progression and metastatic features of melanoma. Here we describe the clinical application of MSCs in melanoma with a particular emphasis on recent findings on the role of MSC expressing a distinct set of biologically functional chemokines and tumor suppressing agents. Accumulating data has shown the tumor-oriented homing capacity of MSCs and their applications as a vehicle (e.g., adipose derived mesenchy-mal stem cells expressing TRAIL, interferon-α/γ, pigment epithelium-derived factor and cytosine deaminase). Several questions regarding possible potential and intrinsic mechanisms that might induce tumorigenesis and drug resistance are yet to be addressed for tailoring MSC-nbased treatment of melanoma. © 2016 Bentham Science Publishers.
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