Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Lipid Profile in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Publisher Pubmed



Asbaghi O^{1, 2} ; Sadeghian M^{3, 4} ; Fouladvand F² ; Panahande B⁵ ; Nasiri M^{6, 7} ; Khodadost M^{8, 9} ; Shokri A¹⁰ ; Pirouzi A¹ ; Sadeghi O^{11, 12}
Source: Nutrition# Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases Published:2020

Abstract

Background and aim: Findings on the effects of zinc supplementation on the lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are conflicting. The current comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize available evidence in this regard. Methods and results: After a systematic search in the online databases, we included the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effect of zinc supplementation on lipid profile [total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG)] in patients with T2DM. Altogether, 9 studies with a total sample size of 424 patients with T2DM were included in the analysis. Combining 9 effect sizes from 9 RCTs, we found a significant lowering effect of zinc supplementation on serum levels of TG (weighted mean difference (WMD): −17.08, 95% CI: −30.59, −3.58 mg/dL, P = 0.01) and TC (WMD: −26.16, 95% CI: −49.69, −2.62 mg/dL, P = 0.02). Although the overall effect of zinc supplementation on LDL-C levels was not significant, a beneficial effect was seen in studies that administered <100 mg/d zinc. Based on the non-linear dose–response analysis, a greater reduction in serum levels of TC and LDL-C following zinc supplementation was seen at <12 weeks’ duration of intervention. Unlike the overall effect size, we found a significant increasing effect of zinc supplementation on serum HDL-C concentrations in most subgroups of RCTs according to the subgroup analyses. Conclusion: We found that zinc supplementation may beneficially influence lipid profile in patients with T2DM. © 2020 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University