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Simultaneous Extraction of Six Phthalic Acid Esters From Polyethylene Terephthalate (Pet) Bottled Water Using Poly (Ionic Liquid) Functionalised Silica Coated-Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: A Risk Assessment Study Publisher



Bahrololoomi Fard SM1 ; Ahmadi SH2 ; Hajimahmodi M3 ; Fazaeli R1 ; Amini M3
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Medicinal Chemistry, Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry Published:2023


Abstract

In this research, a poly (ionic liquid) functionalised silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles were synthesised for the first time and utilised as a novel adsorbent for the simultaneous extraction of six phthalic acid esters from polyethylene terephthalate bottled drinking water samples. The adsorbent was prepared by grafting poly (1-benzyl-3-vinyl-1 H-imidazol-3-ium chloride) onto silica-coated Fe3O4nanoparticles via Cu(0)-mediated reversible-deactivation radical polymerisation method. Various techniques were used to characterise the synthesised nanomaterials. A qualitative analysis was performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography triple–quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. Response surface methodology based on central composite design was used to optimise the extraction procedure and the optimised condition for each factor was; pH of3.9, 22 mg of adsorbent, 3.5 min extraction time, 3 min desorption time, 340 µL of elution solvent (methanol).The results of the validation of the method indicated its acceptable accuracy (88.6-100.1%), good linearity (r  > 0.995), satisfactory repeatabilities (RSDs ≤ 6% for intra- and inter–day precisions) and high enrichment factors (535–572). The limits of detection and limits of quantification of the proposed method achieved were 1.1-4.6 ngL–1and 3.6-15.3 ngL–1, respectively. In this study, six common PAEs, including dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, benzyl butyl phthalate, bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and di-n–octyl phthalate, were found in PET bottled water within the range of 0.21-0.94 μgL–1, under different storage conditions. Nevertheless, only a negligible risk is caused by the PAEs in PET bottled water for consumers following the recommendations, such as storing at a common place (25°C), in a short period away from the sun. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.