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The First Case of Fingernail Onychomycosis Due to Neoscytalidium Novaehollandiae, Molecular Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility Publisher Pubmed



Shokoohi GR1 ; Ansari S2 ; Abolghazi A1 ; Gramishoar M3 ; Nouripoursisakht S4 ; Mirhendi H5 ; Makimura K6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  6. 6. Medical Mycology, Graduate School of Medicine, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan

Source: Journal de Mycologie Medicale Published:2020


Abstract

Onychomycosis is considered a fungal nail infection caused mainly by dermatophytes, yeasts and non-dermatophyte molds including dematiaceous fungi. Onychomycosis caused by non-dermatophyte molds is a health problem in the medical environment as the patients frequently return to outpatient clinics seeking new therapeutic modalities. Here, we report the first case of onychomycosis caused by a black fungus, Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae, in the right hand finger nail of a 52-year-old Iranian female with no history of immunodeficiency and underlying disease. The pattern of nail involvement was recognized as total dystrophic onychomycosis. Examination of nail scrapings with potassium hydroxide revealed brown, septate and branching sub-hyaline to dark-colored hyphae. The black fungus isolated in culture was identified as Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae by molecular analysis. The patient received oral terbinafine plus ciclopirox nail lacquer twice a week and began responding to the treatment three months after initial antifungal therapy. Additional four weeks’ use of terbinafine plus ciclopirox nail lacquer completely resolved the clinical manifestations of onychomycosis. After four months, both microscopy and culture were negative. © 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS
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