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Activities of Nanoparticles Against Fluconazole-Resistant Candida Parapsilosis in Clinical Isolates Publisher Pubmed



Lotfali E1 ; Ghasemi R2 ; Fattahi A3 ; Keymaram M4 ; Shafiei M5 ; Norouzi M1 ; Ayatollahi A3
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Mycology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran

Source: Assay and Drug Development Technologies Published:2021


Abstract

Candida parapsilosis is a non-albicans Candida spp. associated with bloodstream infections in critically ill patients. Failure to treat it effectively due to delay in diagnosis often leads to serious illnessess. The present research aimed to investigate the antifungal activities of nanoparticles (NPs) against fluconazole-resistant C. parapsilosis strains. Ten strains were used from archived clinical isolates. Antifungal activities of NPs were examined based on the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (M27-A3/S4) guideline. The morphological changes of strains exposed to each NP were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effect of NP on the membrane permeability of C. parapsilosis and the viability of the cells was assessed using the confocal laser scanning microscopy and 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, respectively. The cytotoxicity was evaluated against three mammalian cell lines. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of NPs of 10 strains was in the concentration range of 0.5-4 μg/mL; these results were confirmed with the viability test. The antifungal activity of synthesized silver NPs (AgNPs) against resistant C. parapsilosis was greater in comparison with the gold NPs (AuNPs). The SEM images indicated a difference in the fungal morphology of the fungi. The propidium iodide uptake by C. parapsilosis cells showed concentration-dependent mortality in NPs treatment with a confocal laser scanning microscope. There was a notable difference (p < 0.01) in the cell viability in the concentration range of 0.5-4 μg/mL between NPs based on the MTT assay. In addition, these NPs exhibited very low toxicity for three mammalian cell lines, specially at 0.5 μg/mL. AgNPs and AuNPs had fungicidal activities against fluconazole-resistant C. parapsilosis strains. It is crucial to have knowledge based on fundamental research to find new ways to overcome resistant microorganisms. © Copyright 2021, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers 2021.
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