Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Science Communicator Platform

Stay connected! Follow us on X network (Twitter):
Share this content! On (X network) By
Association of Chrono-Nutrition Components With Cardiometabolic Health in a Sample of Iranian Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Publisher Pubmed



Lesani A1 ; Zeraattalabmotlagh S1 ; Djafarian K2 ; Majdi M1 ; Akbarzade Z1 ; Shabbidar S1, 3
Authors
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran

Source: British Journal of Nutrition Published:2025


Abstract

Chrono-nutrition is an emerging field that examines how the frequency and timing of meals impact health. Previous research shows inconsistency in the relationship between chrono-nutritional components and cardiometabolic health. We investigated cross-sectional associations between these components and cardiometabolic health in 825 Iranian adults aged 20-59 years. Dietary data, including the number of eating occasions, meal timing and meal irregularity of energy intake, were collected using three 24-h dietary recalls. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure and laboratory tests (fasting plasma glucose, lipid profile, insulin, uric acid and C-reactive protein) were conducted. Insulin resistance and sensitivity (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, homeostatic model assessment for insulin sensitivity), the TAG-glucose, the lipid accommodation product and BMI were calculated. The demographic and morning-evening questionnaire was completed. General linear regression was used to assess associations between chrono-nutritional components and outcomes. Interactions with age and BMI were examined in all associations. Chrono-nutrition components were not significantly related to cardiometabolic risk factors in the total population. However, a lower number of eating occasions was associated with an increased LDL-cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol ratio (β (95 % CI): 0·26 (0·06, 0·48)) among overweight and obese participants. Additionally, less irregularity in breakfast energy intake was associated with a lower total cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol ratio (-0·37 (-0·95, -0·18)) and a lower LDL-cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol ratio (-0·32 (-0·79, -0·13)) among participants with a normal BMI (all P< 0·05). The study concluded that more frequent meals and regular energy intake might enhance cardiometabolic health cross-sectionally, highlighting the need for prospective studies to further investigate these associations and the mediating role of BMI. © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society.
Related Docs
View other Related Docs
1. The Mediating Role of Obesity in the Associations of Meal-Specific Dietary Patterns and Chrono-Nutrition Components With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: Structural Equation Modeling, Nutrition and Metabolism (2024)
2. Meal-Specific Dietary Patterns and Biomarkers of Insulin Resistance in a Sample of Iranian Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study, Scientific Reports (2023)
3. Time-Related Meal Patterns and Breakfast Quality in a Sample of Iranian Adults, BMC Nutrition (2023)
4. Effects of Consuming Later Evening Meal V. Earlier Evening Meal on Weight Loss During a Weight Loss Diet: A Randomised Clinical Trial, British Journal of Nutrition (2021)
5. Irregular Daily Energy Intake and Diet Quality in Iranian Adults, British Journal of Nutrition (2021)
6. The Association of Meal-Specific Food-Based Dietary Inflammatory Index With Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Inflammation in a Sample of Iranian Adults, BMC Endocrine Disorders (2023)
7. Meal-Specific Dietary Patterns and Their Contribution to Habitual Dietary Patterns in the Iranian Population, British Journal of Nutrition (2023)
8. Association Between Meal Frequency With Anthropometric Measures and Blood Pressure in Iranian Children and Adolescents, Minerva Pediatrics (2023)
Experts (# of related papers)
View all Related Experts
Kurosh Djafarian (13)
Sakineh Shab-Bidar (12)
Other Related Docs
9. Beneficial Effect of High Energy Intake at Lunch Rather Than Dinner on Weight Loss in Healthy Obese Women in a Weight-Loss Program: A Randomized Clinical Trial, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2016)
10. Joint Association of Meal Frequency and Diet Quality With Metabolic Syndrome in Iranian Adults, BMC Nutrition (2022)
11. Association of Insulin Resistance Surrogate Indices and Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology (2024)
12. Temporal Patterns of Energy Intake Identified by the Latent Class Analysis in Relation to Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Iranian Adults, British Journal of Nutrition (2023)
13. The Possible Association Between Circadian Rhythm Chronotypes and Unhealthy Metabolic Phenotypes in Overweight/ Obese Women, Journal of Iranian Medical Council (2019)
14. The Effects of Time-Restricted Eating Alone or in Combination With Probiotic Supplementation in Comparison With a Calorie-Restricted Diet on Endocrine and Metabolic Profiles in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism (2024)
15. Exploring the Association Between Cognitive Decline and Triglyceride-Glucose Index: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, Brain and Behavior (2024)
16. Investigating the Relationship Between Shift Work Schedule and Blood and Metabolic Parameters: A 10-Years Retrospective Cohort Study, Scientific Reports (2024)
17. The Association of Dietary Energy Density and Body Composition Components in a Sample of Iranian Adults, Frontiers in Nutrition (2021)
18. The Effect of a Moderately Restricted Carbohydrate Diet on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Women With Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Clinical Therapeutics (2023)
19. The Association Between Self-Reported Nocturnal Sleep Duration, Irregularity in Daily Energy Intake and Diet Quality in a Sample of Iranian Adults, Public Health Nutrition (2023)
20. Investigating the Relationship Between Shift Working and Blood Parameters: A Case Study at a Petrochemical Industry, Iran Occupational Health (2018)
21. Abnormal Food Timing Promotes Alcohol-Associated Dysbiosis and Colon Carcinogenesis Pathways, Frontiers in Oncology (2020)
22. The Interaction Between Cry1 Polymorphism and Alternative Healthy Eating Index (Ahei) on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Overweight Women and Women With Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study, BMC Endocrine Disorders (2023)
23. Oral Magnesium Supplementation Improved Lipid Profile But Increased Insulin Resistance in Patients With Diabetic Nephropathy: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial, Biological Trace Element Research (2020)
24. Fasting Hyperinsulinaemia and 2-H Glycaemia Predict Coronary Heart Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Diabetes and Metabolism (2016)
25. Association of Meal Skipping With Subjective Health Complaints in Children and Adolescents: The Caspian-V Study, Eating and Weight Disorders (2020)
26. Insulin Resistance Associated With Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: Penalized Conditional Logistic Regression Analysis of a Matched Case-Control Study Data, International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism (2018)
27. Comparison of Habitual and Meal-Specific Dietary Patterns Identified by Latent Class Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study, Nutrition (2023)
28. Evaluating the Quality and Duration of Sleep Using Actigraphy in Petroleum Industry Shift Workers, Sleep Health (2020)