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Transplantation Immune Responses: Biology, Challenges, and Opportunities Using Biomaterials Publisher



Najm AZ1 ; Jalil AT2 ; Al Jawadri AMH3 ; Talib HA4 ; Hanan ZK5 ; Hani T6 ; Zabibah RS7 ; Fadhil AA8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Dentistry Department, AL-Rafidain University College, Baghdad, Iraq
  2. 2. Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
  3. 3. Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Science, Iran
  4. 4. National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
  5. 5. Department of Basic Science, College of Dentistry, University of Thi-Qar, Iraq
  6. 6. Dentistry Department, Al-Turath University College, Baghdad, Iraq
  7. 7. Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
  8. 8. Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq

Source: Gene Reports Published:2023


Abstract

The organs or cells transplantation is well-established in clinics. However, despite the increasing success rates and the broadening of various transplantation techniques, a key challenge is the requirement of life-long systemic immunosuppression to prevent rejection. Therefore, it is necessary to develop novel immuno-engineering strategies that can overcome the drawbacks of conventional immune cell depletion or immunosuppressive agents. In recent years, engineered biomaterials have been expanded toward localized and controlled release of immunomodulatory agents to decrease the effective dose and frequency of drug administration, mainly through immuno-engineering at the transplantation site. In this review, we concisely address a general overview of mechanisms involved in immune tolerance and rejection, followed by challenges within current therapeutic regimens, and then discuss recent developments on potent biomaterial-based immunoengineering strategies to prolong graft survival. © 2023
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