Near Work, Screen Time, Outdoor Time and Myopia in Schoolchildren in the Sunflower Myopia Aeec Consortium

Near Work, Screen Time, Outdoor Time and Myopia in Schoolchildren in the Sunflower Myopia Aeec Consortium Publisher Pubmed

Lanca C^{1, 2} ; Yam JC³ ; Jiang WJ⁴ ; Tham YC^{1, 5} ; Hassan Emamian M⁶ ; Tan CS⁷ ; Guo Y⁸ ; Liu H⁹ ; Zhong H¹⁰ ; Zhu D¹¹ ; Hu YY¹² ; Saxena R¹³ ; Hashemi H¹⁴ ; Chen LJ² Show All Authors

Lanca C^{1, 2}
Yam JC³
Jiang WJ⁴
Tham YC^{1, 5}
Hassan Emamian M⁶
Tan CS⁷
Guo Y⁸
Liu H⁹
Zhong H¹⁰
Zhu D¹¹
Hu YY¹²
Saxena R¹³
Hashemi H¹⁴
Chen LJ²
Wong TY^{1, 5, 15, 16}
Cheng CY^{1, 5, 15}
Pang CP³
Zhu H⁹
Pan CW¹⁷
Liang YB¹⁸
Fotouhi A¹⁹
Bi HS⁴
Jonas JB²⁰
Saw SM^{1, 5, 7}

Show Affiliations

1. Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
2. Comprehensive Health Research Centre, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
3. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
4. Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
5. Ophthalmology and Visual Science Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
6. Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
7. Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
8. Tongren Eye Care Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
9. Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
10. Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
11. The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
12. Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
13. Pediatric Ophthalmology, Strabismus and Neuro-Ophthalmology Section, Dr. R P Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
14. Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
15. Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
16. Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
17. School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
18. Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
19. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
20. Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany

Source: Acta Ophthalmologica Published:2022

Abstract

Purpose: To examine the association between near work, screen time including TV and outdoor time with myopia in children from the Sunflower Myopia Asian Eye Epidemiology Consortium (AEEC). Methods: We analysed AEEC cross-sectional data (12 241 children) on risk factors (near work, screen time including TV and outdoor time) and myopia of six population-based studies (China, Hong Kong and Singapore). Cycloplegic refraction and axial length (AL) measurements were included. Risk factors were determined using questionnaires. Data were pooled from each study, and multivariable regression analysis was performed to evaluate the associations between risks factors and myopia, spherical equivalent (SE) and AL. Results: Among the included children, 52.1% were boys, 98.1% were Chinese and 69.7% lived in urban areas. Mean±standard deviation (SD) for age was 8.8 ± 2.9 years, for SE was −0.14 ± 1.8 D and for AL was 23.3 ± 1.1 mm. Myopia prevalence was 30.6%. In multivariate analysis, more reading and writing (OR = 1.17; 95% CI, 1.11–1.24), more total near work (OR = 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02–1.09) and less outdoor time (OR = 0.82, 95% CI, 0.75–0.88) were associated with myopia (p’s < 0.05). These factors were similarly associated with SE and AL (p’s < 0.05), except for total near work and AL (p = 0.15). Screen time including TV was not significantly associated with myopia (p = 0.49), SE (p = 0.49) or AL (p = 0.83). Conclusion: In this study, increased reading and writing and decreased outdoor time were associated with myopia. Screen time may be a surrogate factor of near work or outdoor time, but further research is needed to assess its role as an independent risk factor for myopia. © 2021 Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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Style	Citing Format
MLA	Lanca C, et al.. "Near Work, Screen Time, Outdoor Time and Myopia in Schoolchildren in the Sunflower Myopia Aeec Consortium." Acta Ophthalmologica, vol. 100, no. 3, 2022, pp. 302-311.
APA	Lanca C, Yam JC, Jiang WJ, Tham YC, Hassan Emamian M, Tan CS, Guo Y, Liu H, Zhong H, Zhu D, Hu YY, Saxena R, Hashemi H, Chen LJ, Wong TY, Cheng CY, Pang CP, Zhu H, Pan CW, ... Saw SM (2022). Near Work, Screen Time, Outdoor Time and Myopia in Schoolchildren in the Sunflower Myopia Aeec Consortium. Acta Ophthalmologica, 100(3), 302-311.
Chicago	Lanca C, Yam JC, Jiang WJ, Tham YC, Hassan Emamian M, Tan CS, Guo Y, et al.. "Near Work, Screen Time, Outdoor Time and Myopia in Schoolchildren in the Sunflower Myopia Aeec Consortium." Acta Ophthalmologica 100, no. 3 (2022): 302-311.
Harvard	Lanca C et al. (2022) 'Near Work, Screen Time, Outdoor Time and Myopia in Schoolchildren in the Sunflower Myopia Aeec Consortium', Acta Ophthalmologica, 100(3), pp. 302-311.
Vancouver	Lanca C, Yam JC, Jiang WJ, Tham YC, Hassan Emamian M, Tan CS, et al.. Near Work, Screen Time, Outdoor Time and Myopia in Schoolchildren in the Sunflower Myopia Aeec Consortium. Acta Ophthalmologica. 2022;100(3):302-311.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Lanca C and Yam JC and Jiang WJ and Tham YC and Hassan Emamian M and Tan CS and Guo Y and Liu H and Zhong H and Zhu D and Hu YY and Saxena R and Hashemi H and Chen LJ and Wong TY and Cheng CY and Pang CP and Zhu H and Pan CW and Liang YB and Fotouhi A and Bi HS and Jonas JB and Saw SM}, title = {Near Work, Screen Time, Outdoor Time and Myopia in Schoolchildren in the Sunflower Myopia Aeec Consortium}, journal = {Acta Ophthalmologica}, volume = {100}, number = {3}, pages = {302-311}, year = {2022} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Lanca C AU - Yam JC AU - Jiang WJ AU - Tham YC AU - Hassan Emamian M AU - Tan CS AU - Guo Y AU - Liu H AU - Zhong H AU - Zhu D AU - Hu YY AU - Saxena R AU - Hashemi H AU - Chen LJ AU - Wong TY AU - Cheng CY AU - Pang CP AU - Zhu H AU - Pan CW AU - Liang YB AU - Fotouhi A AU - Bi HS AU - Jonas JB AU - Saw SM TI - Near Work, Screen Time, Outdoor Time and Myopia in Schoolchildren in the Sunflower Myopia Aeec Consortium JO - Acta Ophthalmologica VL - 100 IS - 3 SP - 302 EP - 311 PY - 2022 ER -

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