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Report on Computational Assessment of Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes From the International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group Publisher



Amgad M1 ; Stovgaard ES2 ; Balslev E2 ; Thagaard J3, 4 ; Chen W5 ; Dudgeon S5 ; Sharma A1 ; Kerner JK6 ; Denkert C7, 8, 9 ; Yuan Y10, 11 ; Abduljabbar K10, 11 ; Wienert S7 ; Savas P12, 13 ; Voorwerk L14 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Amgad M1
  2. Stovgaard ES2
  3. Balslev E2
  4. Thagaard J3, 4
  5. Chen W5
  6. Dudgeon S5
  7. Sharma A1
  8. Kerner JK6
  9. Denkert C7, 8, 9
  10. Yuan Y10, 11
  11. Abduljabbar K10, 11
  12. Wienert S7
  13. Savas P12, 13
  14. Voorwerk L14
  15. Beck AH6
  16. Madabhushi A15, 16
  17. Hartman J17
  18. Sebastian MM18
  19. Horlings HM19
  20. Hudecek J20
  21. Ciompi F21
  22. Moore DA22
  23. Singh R23
  24. Roblin E24
  25. Balancin ML25
  26. Mathieu MC26
  27. Lennerz JK27
  28. Kirtani P28
  29. Chen IC29
  30. Braybrooke JP30, 31
  31. Pruneri G32
  32. Demaria S33
  33. Adams S34
  34. Schnitt SJ35
  35. Lakhani SR36
  36. Rojo F37, 38
  37. Comerma L37, 38
  38. Badve SS39
  39. Khojasteh M40
  40. Symmans WF41
  41. Sotiriou C42, 43
  42. Gonzalezericsson P44
  43. Poguegeile KL45
  44. Kim RS45
  45. Rimm DL46
  46. Viale G47
  47. Hewitt SM48
  48. Bartlett JMS49, 50
  49. Penaultllorca F51, 52
  50. Goel S53
  51. Lien HC54
  52. Loibl S55
  53. Kos Z56
  54. Loi S13, 57
  55. Hanna MG58
  56. Michiels S59, 60
  57. Kok M61, 62
  58. Nielsen TO63
  59. Lazar AJ41, 64, 65, 66
  60. Bagohorvath Z67
  61. Kooreman LFS68, 69
  62. Van Der Laak JAWM21, 70
  63. Saltz J71
  64. Gallas BD5
  65. Kurkure U40
  66. Barnes M72
  67. Salgado R12, 73
  68. Cooper LAD74
  69. Hyytiainen A75
  70. Hida AI76
  71. Thompson A77
  72. Lefevre A78
  73. Gown A79
  74. Lo A80
  75. Sapino A81
  76. Moreira A82
  77. Richardson A83
  78. Vingiani A84
  79. Bellizzi AM85
  80. Tutt A86
  81. Guerrerozotano A87
  82. Grigoriadis A88, 89
  83. Ehinger A90
  84. Garridocastro AC91
  85. Vincentsalomon A92
  86. Laenkholm AV93
  87. Ciminomathews A94
  88. Srinivasan A95
  89. Acs B96
  90. Singh B97
  91. Calhoun B98
  92. Haibekans B99
  93. Solomon B100
  94. Thapa B101
  95. Nelson BH102
  96. Castaneda C103, 104
  97. Ballesteroesmerino C105
  98. Criscitiello C106
  99. Boeckx C78
  100. Colpaert C107
  101. Quinn C108
  102. Chennubhotla CS109
  103. Swanton C110
  104. Solinas C111
  105. Hiley C110
  106. Drubay D59, 60
  107. Bethmann D112
  108. Dillon DA113
  109. Larsimont D114
  110. Sabanathan D115
  111. Peeters D116
  112. Zardavas D117
  113. Hoflmayer D118
  114. Johnson DB119
  115. Thompson EA120
  116. Brogi E58
  117. Perez E121
  118. Elgabry EA122
  119. Blackley EF100
  120. Reisenbichler E46
  121. Bellolio E123, 124
  122. Chmielik E125
  123. Gaire F126
  124. Andre F127
  125. Lu FI128
  126. Azmoudehardalan F129
  127. Gruosso FT130
  128. Peale F131
  129. Hirsch FR132
  130. Klaushen F133
  131. Acostahaab G134
  132. Farshid G135
  133. Van Den Eynden G136
  134. Curigliano G137, 138
  135. Floris G139, 140
  136. Broeckx G141
  137. Koeppen H80
  138. Haynes HR142
  139. Mcarthur H143
  140. Joensuu H144
  141. Olofsson H145
  142. Cree I146
  143. Nederlof I147
  144. Frahm I148
  145. Brcic I149
  146. Chan J150
  147. Hall JA151
  148. Ziai J80
  149. Brock J152
  150. Wesseling J153
  151. Giltnane J80
  152. Lemonnier J154
  153. Zha J155
  154. M Ribeiro J156
  155. Carter JM157
  156. Hainfellner J158
  157. Quesne JL159
  158. Juco JW160
  159. Reisfilho J58, 161
  160. Van Den Berg J162
  161. Sanchez J104
  162. Sparano J163
  163. Cucherousset J164
  164. Araya JC123
  165. Adam J165
  166. Balko JM166
  167. Saeger K167
  168. Siziopikou K168
  169. Willardgallo K169
  170. Sikorska K170
  171. Weber K171
  172. Steele KE155
  173. Emancipator K160
  174. El Bairi K172
  175. Blenman KRM173
  176. Allison KH174
  177. Van De Vijver KK175
  178. Korski K176
  179. Pusztai L173
  180. Buisseret L169
  181. Shi L177
  182. Shiwei L178
  183. Molinero L131
  184. Estrada MV179
  185. Van Seijen M19
  186. Lacroixtriki M180
  187. Cheang MCU181
  188. Bakir M110
  189. Van De Vijver M182
  190. Dieci MV183
  191. Rebelatto MC155
  192. Piccart M184
  193. Goetz MP121
  194. Preusser M158
  195. Sanders ME185
  196. Regan MM186, 187
  197. Christie M188
  198. Misialek M189
  199. Ignatiadis M190
  200. De Maaker M19
  201. Van Bockstal M191
  202. Castillo M104
  203. Harbeck N192
  204. Tung N193
  205. Laudus N194
  206. Sirtaine N195
  207. Burchardi N196
  208. Ternes N197
  209. Radosevicrobin N198
  210. Gluz O199
  211. Grimm O126
  212. Nuciforo P200
  213. Jank P201
  214. Jelinic P160
  215. Watson PH202
  216. Francis PA13, 57
  217. Russell PA203
  218. Pierce RH204
  219. Hills R205
  220. Leonferre R121
  221. De Wind R195
  222. Shui R206
  223. Declercq S207
  224. Leung S63
  225. Tabbarah S208
  226. Souza SC209
  227. Otoole S210
  228. Swain S211
  229. Willis S212
  230. Ely S213
  231. Kim SR214
  232. Bedri S215
  233. Irshad S216, 217
  234. Liu SW218
  235. Hendry S219
  236. Bianchi S220
  237. Braganca S221
  238. Paik S95
  239. Fox SB219
  240. Luen SJ12
  241. Naber S222
  242. Luz S223
  243. Fineberg S224
  244. Soler T225
  245. Gevaert T226
  246. Dalfons T58
  247. John T227
  248. Sugie T228
  249. Bossuyt V229
  250. Manem V99
  251. Camaea VP230
  252. Tong W231
  253. Yang W206
  254. Tran WT208
  255. Wang Y232
  256. Allory Y233
  257. Husain Z234
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
  2. 2. Department of Pathology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
  3. 3. DTU Compute, Department of Applied Mathematics, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
  4. 4. Visiopharm A/S, Horsholm, Denmark
  5. 5. FDA/CDRH/OSEL/Division of Imaging, Diagnostics, and Software Reliability, Silver Spring, MD, United States
  6. 6. PathAI, Cambridge, MA, United States
  7. 7. Institut fur Pathologie, Universitatsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Standort Marburg, Philipps-Universitat Marburg, Marburg, Germany
  8. 8. Institute of Pathology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
  9. 9. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Charite, Berlin, Germany
  10. 10. Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
  11. 11. Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
  12. 12. Division of Research and Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  13. 13. Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
  14. 14. Department of Tumor Biology & Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  15. 15. Case Western Reserve University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland, OH, United States
  16. 16. Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Administration Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
  17. 17. Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
  18. 18. Departments of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
  19. 19. Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  20. 20. Department of Research IT, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  21. 21. Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
  22. 22. Department of Pathology, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
  23. 23. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
  24. 24. Universite Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
  25. 25. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  26. 26. Department of Medical Biology and Pathology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
  27. 27. Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
  28. 28. Department of Histopathology, Manipal Hospitals Dwarka, New Delhi, India
  29. 29. Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
  30. 30. Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
  31. 31. Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
  32. 32. Pathology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori and University of Milan, School of Medicine, Milan, Italy
  33. 33. Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
  34. 34. Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
  35. 35. Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
  36. 36. The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research and Pathology Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
  37. 37. Pathology Department, CIBERONC-Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Fundacion Jimenez Diaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
  38. 38. GEICAM-Spanish Breast Cancer Research Group, Madrid, Spain
  39. 39. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
  40. 40. Roche Tissue Diagnostics, Digital Pathology, Santa Clara, CA, United States
  41. 41. Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
  42. 42. Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Institut Jules Bordet, Universite Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
  43. 43. ULB-Cancer Research Center (U-CRC) Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
  44. 44. Breast Cancer Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
  45. 45. NRG Oncology/NSABP, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
  46. 46. Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
  47. 47. Department of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS & State University of Milan, Milan, Italy
  48. 48. Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
  49. 49. Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
  50. 50. Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
  51. 51. Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, Centre Jean Perrin, Clermont-Ferrand, France
  52. 52. UMR INSERM 1240, Universite Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
  53. 53. Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre building, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  54. 54. Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
  55. 55. German Breast Group, c/o GBG-Forschungs GmbH, Neu-Isenburg, Germany
  56. 56. Department of Pathology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
  57. 57. Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
  58. 58. Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
  59. 59. Gustave Roussy, Universite Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
  60. 60. Universite Paris-Sud, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Villejuif, France
  61. 61. Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  62. 62. Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  63. 63. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
  64. 64. Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
  65. 65. Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
  66. 66. Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
  67. 67. Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  68. 68. GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
  69. 69. Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
  70. 70. Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
  71. 71. Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
  72. 72. Roche Diagnostics Information Solutions, Belmont, CA, United States
  73. 73. Department of Pathology, GZA-ZNA Ziekenhuizen, Antwerp, Belgium
  74. 74. Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
  75. 75. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki, Finland
  76. 76. Department of Pathology, Matsuyama Shimin Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
  77. 77. Surgical Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, TX, United States
  78. 78. Roche Diagnostics, Machelen, Belgium
  79. 79. PhenoPath Laboratories, Seattle, United States
  80. 80. Research Pathology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, United States
  81. 81. Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy and Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
  82. 82. Pulmonary Pathology, New York University Center for Biospecimen Research and Development, New York University, New York, NY, United States
  83. 83. Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, United States
  84. 84. Department of Pathology, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
  85. 85. Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, United States
  86. 86. Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
  87. 87. Department of Oncology, Instituto Valenciano de Oncologia, Valencia, Spain
  88. 88. Cancer Bioinformatics Lab, Cancer Centre at Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
  89. 89. School of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
  90. 90. Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
  91. 91. Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
  92. 92. Institut Curie, Paris Sciences Lettres Universite, Inserm U934, Department of Pathology, Paris, France
  93. 93. Department of Surgical Pathology Zealand University Hospital, Koge, Denmark
  94. 94. Departments of Pathology and Oncology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, United States
  95. 95. National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Operations Center/NRG Oncology, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
  96. 96. Department of Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
  97. 97. Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Medical Centre, New York, United States
  98. 98. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UNC School of Medicine, Columbia, United States
  99. 99. Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Laval University, Quebec city, QC, Canada
  100. 100. Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  101. 101. Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
  102. 102. Trev & Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, Canada
  103. 103. Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas, Lima, Peru
  104. 104. Department of Research, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas, Lima, 15038, Peru
  105. 105. Providence Cancer Research Center, Portland, OR, United States
  106. 106. Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
  107. 107. Department of Pathology, AZ Turnhout, Turnhout, Belgium
  108. 108. Department of Pathology, St Vincent’s University Hospital and University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
  109. 109. Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States
  110. 110. Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
  111. 111. Azienda AUSL, Regional Hospital of Aosta, Aosta, Italy
  112. 112. University Hospital Halle (Saale), Institute of Pathology, Halle, Saale, Germany
  113. 113. Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA Department of Pathology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
  114. 114. Department of Pathology, Jules Bordet Institute, Brussels, Belgium
  115. 115. Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
  116. 116. HistoGeneX NV, Antwerp, Belgium and AZ Sint-Maarten Hospital, Mechelen, Belgium
  117. 117. Oncology Clinical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, United States
  118. 118. Institut fur Pathologie, UK Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
  119. 119. Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, United States
  120. 120. Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, United States
  121. 121. Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
  122. 122. Roche, Tucson, United States
  123. 123. Department of Pathology, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
  124. 124. Departamento de Anatomia Patologica, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
  125. 125. Tumor Pathology Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Gliwice, Poland
  126. 126. Pathology and Tissue Analytics, Roche, Machelen, Belgium
  127. 127. Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
  128. 128. Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
  129. 129. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  130. 130. Translational Research, Montreal, Canada
  131. 131. Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech-Roche, Machelen, Belgium
  132. 132. Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, United States
  133. 133. Institute of Pathology, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
  134. 134. Department of Pathology, Hospital de Oncologia Maria Curie, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  135. 135. Directorate of Surgical Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
  136. 136. Department of Pathology, GZA-ZNA Hospitals, Wilrijk, Belgium
  137. 137. University of Milano, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
  138. 138. Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapy, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
  139. 139. Department of Imaging and Pathology, Laboratory of Translational Cell & Tissue Research, Leuven, Belgium
  140. 140. KU Leuven- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Pathology, Leuven, Belgium
  141. 141. Department of Pathology, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
  142. 142. Translational Health Sciences, Department of Cellular Pathology, North Bristol NHS Trust, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
  143. 143. Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States
  144. 144. Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
  145. 145. Department of Clinical Pathology, Akademiska University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
  146. 146. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
  147. 147. Division of Tumor Biology & Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  148. 148. Department of Pathology, Sanatorio Mater Dei, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  149. 149. Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
  150. 150. Department of Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
  151. 151. Vivactiv Ltd, Bellingdon, Bucks, United Kingdom
  152. 152. Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, United States
  153. 153. Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  154. 154. R&D UNICANCER, Paris, France
  155. 155. Translational Sciences, MedImmune, Gaithersberg, United States
  156. 156. Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Centre, Lisboa, Portugal
  157. 157. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
  158. 158. Department of Medicine, Clinical Division of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  159. 159. Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, and MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
  160. 160. Merck & Co., Inc, Kenilworth, NJ, United States
  161. 161. Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
  162. 162. Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  163. 163. Department of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Bronx, United States
  164. 164. GHI Le Raincy-Montfermeil, Chelles, Ile-de-France, France
  165. 165. Department of Pathology, Gustave Roussy, Grand Paris, France
  166. 166. Departments of Medicine and Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, United States
  167. 167. Vm Scope, Berlin, Germany
  168. 168. Department of Pathology, Breast Pathology Section, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
  169. 169. Molecular Immunology Unit, Institut Jules Bordet, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
  170. 170. Department of Biometrics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  171. 171. German Breast Group, Neu-Isenburg, Germany
  172. 172. Cancer Biomarkers Working Group, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Universite Mohamed Premier, Oujda, Morocco
  173. 173. Yale Cancer Center Genetics, Genomics and Epigenetics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
  174. 174. Pathology Department, Stanford University Medical Centre, Stanford, United States
  175. 175. Department of Pathology, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
  176. 176. Pathology and Tissue Analytics, Roche Innovation Centre Munich, Penzberg, Germany
  177. 177. Center for Pharmacogenomics and Fudan-Zhangjiang, Center for Clinical Genomics School of Life Sciences and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Fudan, China
  178. 178. Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, China
  179. 179. Biorepository and Tissue Technology Shared Resources, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
  180. 180. Department of Pathology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
  181. 181. Institute of Cancer Research Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, Surrey, United Kingdom
  182. 182. Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  183. 183. Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
  184. 184. Institut Jules Bordet, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
  185. 185. Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, United States
  186. 186. Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
  187. 187. Division of Biostatistics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, United States
  188. 188. Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia
  189. 189. Vernon Cancer Center, Newton-Wellesley Hospital, Newton, United States
  190. 190. Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
  191. 191. Department of Pathology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
  192. 192. Breast Center, Dept. OB&GYN and CCC (LMU), University of Munich, Munich, Germany
  193. 193. Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, United States
  194. 194. University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
  195. 195. Department of Pathology, Institut Jules Bordet, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
  196. 196. German Breast Group GmbH, Neu-Isenburg, Germany
  197. 197. Service de Biostatistique et d’Epidemiologie, Gustave Roussy, CESP, Universite-Paris Sud, Universite Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
  198. 198. Department of Surgical Pathology and Biopathology, Jean Perrin Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Clermont-Ferrand, France
  199. 199. Johanniter GmbH - Evangelisches Krankenhaus Bethesda Monchengladbach, West German Study Group, Monchengladbach, Germany
  200. 200. Molecular Oncology Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
  201. 201. Department of Pathology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
  202. 202. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Columbia, United States
  203. 203. Department of Anatomical Pathology, St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia
  204. 204. Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network, Central Laboratory and Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, United States
  205. 205. Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
  206. 206. Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
  207. 207. Department of Pathology, GZA-ZNA Hospitals, Antwerp, Belgium
  208. 208. Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
  209. 209. Oncology Merck & Co, New Jersey, United States
  210. 210. The Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australian Clinical Labs, Darlinghurst, Australia
  211. 211. Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
  212. 212. Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Avera Cancer Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
  213. 213. Translational Medicine, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, United States
  214. 214. National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Operations Center/NRG Oncology, Pittsburgh, United States
  215. 215. Anatomic Pathology, Boston, MA, United States
  216. 216. King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
  217. 217. Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
  218. 218. Peking University First Hospital Breast Disease Center, Beijing, China
  219. 219. Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
  220. 220. Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute (DSS), Firenze, Italy
  221. 221. Department of Oncology, Champalimaud Clinical Centre, Lisbon, Portugal
  222. 222. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, United States
  223. 223. Department of Pathology, Fundacion Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
  224. 224. Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
  225. 225. Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Oncobell, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Catalonia, Barcelona, 08908, Spain
  226. 226. Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Experimental Urology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
  227. 227. Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia
  228. 228. Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University to Tomoharu Sugie, Breast Surgery, Kansai Medical University Hospital, Hirakata, Japan
  229. 229. Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
  230. 230. Pathology Department, H.U. Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
  231. 231. Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Wuhan, United States
  232. 232. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Lifespan Medical Center, Providence, United States
  233. 233. Universite Paris-Est, Creteil, France
  234. 234. Praava Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Source: npj Breast Cancer Published:2020


Abstract

Assessment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is increasingly recognized as an integral part of the prognostic workflow in triple-negative (TNBC) and HER2-positive breast cancer, as well as many other solid tumors. This recognition has come about thanks to standardized visual reporting guidelines, which helped to reduce inter-reader variability. Now, there are ripe opportunities to employ computational methods that extract spatio-morphologic predictive features, enabling computer-aided diagnostics. We detail the benefits of computational TILs assessment, the readiness of TILs scoring for computational assessment, and outline considerations for overcoming key barriers to clinical translation in this arena. Specifically, we discuss: 1. ensuring computational workflows closely capture visual guidelines and standards; 2. challenges and thoughts standards for assessment of algorithms including training, preanalytical, analytical, and clinical validation; 3. perspectives on how to realize the potential of machine learning models and to overcome the perceptual and practical limits of visual scoring. © 2020, The Author(s).
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