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Immune Responses to Hepatitis B Immunization 10–18 Years After Primary Vaccination: A Population-Based Cohort Study Publisher Pubmed



Katoonizadeh A1 ; Sharafkhah M1 ; Ostovaneh MR1, 2 ; Norouzi A3 ; Khoshbakht N3 ; Mohamadkhani A1 ; Eslami L1 ; Gharravi A1 ; Shayanrad A1 ; Khoshnia M1 ; Esmaili S1, 4 ; George J4 ; Poustchi H1 ; Malekzadeh R1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MA, United States
  3. 3. Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
  4. 4. Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia

Source: Journal of Viral Hepatitis Published:2016


Abstract

We evaluated the immune response to neonatal HBV immunization in children of infected parents 10–18 years after primary vaccination. Healthy individuals immunized with an infantile course of three doses of HBV vaccine were tested for persistence of anti-HB surface antibody (HBsAb). Those with an HBsAb level of <10 IU/mL received a booster dose of the vaccine with subsequent doses to those without protective titres. HBsAb concentrations were determined 4 weeks after each dose of the booster vaccine. The data were analysed separately for three age groups: 10–11, 12–14 and 15–18 years old. A total of 541 healthy individuals were studied. The highest seroprotection rate of 48% was observed in the youngest vaccinees (10–11 years old). This declined to 26.5% in the oldest (15–18 years old) group (P = 0.008). The youngest vaccinees showed the highest rate of anamnestic immune responses (96%). However, 25% of oldest individuals failed to mount an anamnestic immune response in challenge with a booster dose of the vaccine (P = 0.005), suggesting waning immunity with increasing age. Age (OR: 0.80; P = 0.01) and prebooster HBsAb levels (OR: 0.37; P = 0.01) identified responders to first booster doses of the vaccine by logistic regression analysis. The majority of high-risk vaccinees showed anamnestic immune response 10–11 years after primary immunization. However, we found a significant proportion (25%) of older individuals with no anamnetic response, which suggests a waning of immune memory. Detailed long-term follow-up studies are necessary to determine the risk of natural infection among these individuals before a booster schedule can be recommended. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
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2. Efficacy of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis in Infants Born to Hbsag Positive Mothers in Iran; Is It Authentic?, Iranian Journal of Pediatrics (2016)
3. Long-Term Protection Against the Hepatitis B Virus Detected Through an Early Response to a Booster Dose Injection, Indian Pediatrics (2018)
4. Low Prevalence of Hepatitis B Vaccine Escape Mutants Among Individuals Born After the Initiation of a Nationwide Vaccination Program in Iran, Archives of Virology (2016)
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