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Β Cell and Autophagy: What Do We Know? Publisher



Mohammadimotlagh HR1 ; Sadeghalvad M2 ; Yavari N3 ; Primavera R4 ; Soltani S5 ; Chetty S4 ; Ganguly A4 ; Regmi S4 ; Floyel T6 ; Kaur S6 ; Mirza AH6, 7 ; Thakor AS4 ; Pociot F6, 8 ; Yarani R4, 6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 67155-1616, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1416634793, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Panum Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
  4. 4. Interventional Regenerative Innovation at Stanford (IRIS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, 94304, CA, United States
  5. 5. Clinical Research Development Center, Taleghani and Imam Ali Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 67145-1673, Iran
  6. 6. Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, 2730, Denmark
  7. 7. Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, 10065, NY, United States
  8. 8. Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark

Source: Biomolecules Published:2023


Abstract

Pancreatic β cells are central to glycemic regulation through insulin production. Studies show autophagy as an essential process in β cell function and fate. Autophagy is a catabolic cellular process that regulates cell homeostasis by recycling surplus or damaged cell components. Impaired autophagy results in β cell loss of function and apoptosis and, as a result, diabetes initiation and progress. It has been shown that in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and high metabolic demands, autophagy affects β cell function, insulin synthesis, and secretion. This review highlights recent evidence regarding how autophagy can affect β cells’ fate in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Furthermore, we discuss the role of important intrinsic and extrinsic autophagy modulators, which can lead to β cell failure. © 2023 by the authors.
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