Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Stroke: The Role of Autophagy Publisher Pubmed



Nabavi SF¹ ; Sureda A² ; Sanchessilva A^{3, 4} ; Pandima Devi K⁵ ; Ahmed T⁶ ; Shahid M⁶ ; Sobarzosanchez E^{7, 8} ; Dacrema M⁹ ; Daglia M⁹ ; Braidy N¹⁰ ; Vacca RA¹¹ ; Berindanneagoe I^{12, 13, 14} ; Gulei D¹² ; Barreca D¹⁵ Show All Authors Show Affiliations
Source: Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences Published:2019

Abstract

Autophagy is an important biological mechanism involved in the regulation of numerous fundamental cellular processes that are mainly associated with cellular growth and differentiation. Autophagic pathways are vital for maintaining cellular homeostasis by enhancing the turnover of nonfunctional proteins and organelles. Neuronal cells, like other eukaryotic cells, are dependent on autophagy for neuroprotection in response to stress, but can also induce cell death in cerebral ischemia. Recent studies have demonstrated that autophagy may induce neuroprotection following acute brain injury, including ischemic stroke. However in some special circumstances, activation of autophagy can induce cell death, playing a deleterious role in the etiology and progression of ischemic stroke. Currently, there are no therapeutic options against stroke that demonstrate efficient neuroprotective abilities. In the present work, we will review the significance of autophagy in the context of ischemic stroke by first outlining its role in ischemic neuronal death. We will also highlight the potential therapeutic applications of pharmacological modulators of autophagy, including some naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds that can target this catabolic process. Our findings provide renewed insight on the mechanism of action of autophagy in stroke together with potential neuroprotective compounds, which may partially exert their function through enhancing mitochondrial function and attenuating damaging autophagic processes. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.