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Post-Orthognathic Surgical Ciliated Cyst of the Anterior Maxilla: A Case Report and Narrative Review Publisher Pubmed



Khodadadi Z1 ; Niknami M2 ; Bolandparva F3 ; Derakhshan S4 ; Bakhtiari Z3 ; Hasheminasab M5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shahed University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States

Source: BMC Oral Health Published:2025


Abstract

Background: Post-orthognathic surgical ciliated cyst (POSCC) is a benign, acquired cystic lesion associated with a history of orthognathic surgery, maxillofacial trauma, and similar events. This study presents a case of a maxillary POSCC that developed five years after a Le Fort I advancement osteotomy. Case presentation: A 25-year-old male patient developed a painless, gradually fluctuant swelling in the anterior maxillary area following previous surgical treatment. Radiographic investigations revealed a unilocular radiolucent lesion from the left to right premolars, encompassing the apices of the teeth with a scalloped border. With clinicopathological correlation and consideration of the patient’s history, the diagnosis of surgical ciliated cyst was confirmed. Decompression followed by lesion excision was performed for the patient. A one year follow-up showed no recurrence or complications. Conclusion: Although POSCC is a rare complication following surgery involving the maxillary bone and sinus, it can lead to large lesions with extensive growth. Long-term radiographic follow up is highly recommended after Le Fort osteotomy. © The Author(s) 2025.