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Migration of Phthalate Compounds From Polyethylene Terephthalate Bottles Under Different Temperature Conditions- Probabilistic Human Health Risk Assessment Publisher



Massahi T1 ; Omer AK2, 3 ; Kiani A4, 5 ; Mansouri B6 ; Fattahi N7 ; Soleimani H8, 9 ; Moradi M7 ; Sharafi K10
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
  3. 3. Razga Company, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
  4. 4. Regenerative Medicine Research Center (RMRC), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  5. 5. Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  6. 6. Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Research Institute for Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  7. 7. Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  8. 8. Student’s Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  10. 10. Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Health Policy and Promotion Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

Source: Journal of Food Science and Technology Published:2025


Abstract

This study analyzed the migration of benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles used for beverages and edible liquids at different temperatures (4, 15, 25, and 40 °C). Solid phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used for analysis. The results showed that higher temperatures increased the migration of phthalates from PET bottles into beverages/edible liquids. The lowest phthalate release occurred at 4 °C, while higher temperatures (15, 25, and 40 °C) increased leaching. The health risk assessment concluded that the levels of these phthalate compounds in the PET bottles do not pose a significant health risk in terms of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic effects, even when stored at higher temperatures. It can be concluded that controlling storage conditions and storing PET bottles at lower temperatures can help reduce the migration of phthalates and contribute to a safer use of PET containers for food and beverage storage. © Association of Food Scientists & Technologists (India) 2025.
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