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Evaluation of the Association Between Periodontitis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher Pubmed



N Naghsh NARGES ; F Karimi FAEZEH ; Mj Tarrahi Moammad JAVAD ; A Rahimi A
Authors

Source: BMC Gastroenterology Published:2025


Abstract

Objectives: Several studies have shown a connection between periodontal diseases and conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, and pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn’s disease (CD), and periodontitis. Methods: A systematic study was conducted in seven databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, Embase, Cochrane, and ScienceDirect) from 1960 to December 30, 2024. Articles investigating the relationship between periodontitis and IBD were selected based on established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the selected articles was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa checklist. The prevalence of periodontitis in individuals with and without IBD, as well as in each subgroup (UC and CD), was reported in terms of odds ratio (OR). Data analysis was conducted using Comprehensive Meta Analysis (CMA) software. Results: Eleven studies were included in this systematic review. Statistical analysis of 10 studies revealed that, compared to the control group (without IBD), IBD patients had a significantly higher likelihood of periodontitis (OR: 2.28; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.73–3). Within each IBD subgroup, the likelihood of periodontitis was higher compared to the control group. The risk of developing periodontitis in patients diagnosed with UC and CD was found to be (OR: 3.14; 95% CI: 2.11–4.66) and (OR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.4–2.83), respectively. However, this discrepancy was not statistically significant (P = 0.09). Conclusions: IBD was associated with a higher likelihood of periodontitis compared to non-IBD patients. However, However, additional longitudinal research studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to validate this association and potentially reveal shared underlying mechanisms. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
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