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Investigation of Addition of Calcium Phosphate Ceramic to Multilayer Scaffold for Bone Applications With Improved Mechanical Properties: Fuzzy Logic Analysis Publisher



Tan X1, 2 ; Obaid RF3 ; Smaisim GF4, 5 ; Esfahani MHM6 ; Alsaikhan F7 ; Baghaei S8 ; Hadrawi SK9, 10 ; Yusof MYPM11, 12 ; Yadav A13
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Chongqing Cultural Heritage College, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan, Chongqing, 402160, China
  2. 2. Research Center of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Chongqing, Yongchuan, Chongqing, 402160, China
  3. 3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
  4. 4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa, Iraq
  5. 5. Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Research Unit (NAMRU), Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa, Iraq
  6. 6. Dental Students Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  7. 7. College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
  8. 8. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran
  9. 9. Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Technical Engineering Department, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
  10. 10. Computer Engineering Department, Imam Reza University, Mashhad, Iran
  11. 11. Center for Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostics and Medicine Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
  12. 12. Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
  13. 13. Department of CEA, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, India

Source: Ceramics International Published:2023


Abstract

In this study, combining an excellent intrinsic property of polylactic acid (PLA) with the unique properties of three-dimensional (3D) printing technique and coating of chitosan-hydroxyapatite (CHI-HA) is used with electrospun nanofibers for the regeneration of hard tissues. This study aims to fabricate a microstructural scaffold with a PLA base by 3D fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique. High surface-to-volume ratio, high porosity, flexibility in surface performance, and exceptional mechanical performance are just a few of the characteristics that the small-diameter fibers display. Utilizing an examination from a scanning electron microscope (SEM), the morphological research is carried out. Besides, the biological reaction of the scaffolds is studied in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and simulated body fluid (SBF). The samples are examined for wet and dry biological behavior, by SEM. Moreover, mechanical analyzes, including compressive strength and porosity, are performed on the samples and the results are evaluated in existing number models. Besides, the fuzzy modeling technique is used to forecast the properties of samples before fabricating and examining them. The results generally show that the presence of HA nanoparticles improves mechanical and biological properties. Specifically, the obtained results show that the sample with 10 wt% of HA is capable of suitable mechanical, chemical, and biological properties compared to other samples. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.
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