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Impact of Season Variation on Semen Quality: A Comprehensive Retrospective Analysis of Data From Patients at an Eastern Iranian Tertiary Care Fertility Center Over a Decade Publisher Pubmed



Pakmanesh H1 ; Nazarirobati N1 ; Dabiri S2 ; Mirshekari TR3 ; Eslami N3 ; Torabinavid P4 ; Rouientan H5 ; Narouie B5, 6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Urology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Pathology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  3. 3. Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  4. 4. Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Department of Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Children’s Medical Center, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Department of Urology, Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Urology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran

Source: American Journal of Men's Health Published:2024


Abstract

Seasonal changes are assumed to affect various sperm characteristics based on photoperiods, temperature, and air pollution. According to the literature, most studies were performed on populations of Western countries, and there are limited studies performed in the Middle East with variable results. This study evaluated the seasonality of sperm characteristics among men of reproductive age in an andrology center in Kerman, Iran, where the seasonal temperature varies significantly, with average temperatures ranging from 50 °F (10 °C) to 75.2 °F (24 °C). We retrospectively evaluated the sperm analysis test record. Sperm samples were obtained from 2,948 men during 10 years, excluding those with azoospermia. Samples were assessed for volume, concentration, motility, and morphology according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. We performed a comprehensive comparative literature review of the studies investigating the association between seasonal variation and sperm quality. The mean semen volume was higher in the summer compared with other seasons (p =.04). The mean percentage of sperm motility was higher in the spring and less in winter (p =.03). Sperm morphology-related parameters, measured by the percent of normal morphology, were significantly better in winter (p =.03). Our findings suggest seasonality of sperm characteristics among men of fertility age. Semen volume, motility, and morphology were affected by the photoperiod of reproductive seasons. Results might support the influential role of seasonal variations in the possibility of fertility, especially among those using assisted reproductive technologies and those with oligospermia. © The Author(s) 2024.
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