Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Science Communicator Platform

Stay connected! Follow us on X network (Twitter):
Share this content! On (X network) By
The Associations Between Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Publisher Pubmed



Najafi M1 ; Mozaffari H2 ; Mokhtari P5 ; Teymouri M1 ; Faghih S1, 6
Authors
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States
  6. 6. Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Source: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN Published:2020


Abstract

Objective: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the major causes of death, worldwide. Although for decades the associations between individual foods and nutrients and CVDs have been investigated, little attention has been paid to dietary patterns. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the association between dietary patterns and CVD risk factors among Iranian adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 236 adults who attended public health centers. Dietary intakes were collected using a valid food frequency questionnaire. Sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric measures, and biochemical biomarkers were measured using standardized methods. Dietary patterns derived using the factor analysis. Logistic regression assessed the odds of CVD risk factors across tertiles of data-driven dietary patterns. Results: We identified three dietary patterns. After adjusting for possible confounders, we observed that participants in the third category of the healthy dietary pattern (HDP) had lower odds of low HDL-C (OR = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.10–0.64) compared to those in the first category. Adherence to the mixed pattern was associated with increased odds of high serum TC in men only (OR = 3.69; 95% CI: 1.06–12.81). However, women with higher adherence to the Western dietary pattern (WDP) had higher odds of high serum TG (OR = 5.61; 95% CI: 1.69–18.59), and those with a greater adherence to HDP had lower odds of low HDL-C (OR = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.07–0.98). Conclusion: This study showed that adherence to HDP may protect against a low level of HDL-C, whereas mixed and Western-type diets may contribute to high serum TG levels. Future longitudinal studies are needed to assess the potential causality of the observed associations. © 2020
Related Docs
View other Related Docs
1. Associations Between Empirically Derived Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Older Adult Men: A Cross-Sectional Study, International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research (2023)
2. Association of Dietary Acid Load With Cardiovascular Risk Factors and the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Iranian Women: A Cross-Sectional Study, Nutrition (2019)
3. Association of Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity to Anthropometry in Healthy Women: A Cross-Sectional Study, Nutrition (2020)
4. Major Dietary Patterns and Predicted Cardiovascular Disease Risk in an Iranian Adult Population, Nutrition and Health (2021)
5. Associations Between Dietary Intake of B-Vitamins and Psychological Disorders Among Iranian Women: A Cross-Sectional Study, Public Health Nutrition (2021)
6. The Study of Dietary Patterns and Their Relationship to Anthropometry in Female Nurses, Tehran University Medical Journal (2017)
7. The Possible Mediatory Role of Inflammatory Markers on the Association of Dietary Insulin Index and Insulin Load With Metabolic Syndrome in Women With Overweight and Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study, International Journal of Clinical Practice (2023)
8. Association of Dietary Acid-Base Load and Psychological Disorders Among Iranian Women: A Cross-Sectional Study, Complementary Therapies in Medicine (2020)
Experts (# of related papers)
View all Related Experts
Khadijeh Mirzaei (14)
Leila Azadbakht (13)
Other Related Docs
9. Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies, Journal of the American College of Nutrition (2018)
10. A Posteriori Healthy Dietary Patterns May Decrease the Risk of Central Obesity: Findings From a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, Nutrition Research (2017)
11. A Posteriori Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies, Public Health Nutrition (2018)
12. The Association Between Dietary Acid Load With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Inflammatory Markers Amongst Elderly Men: A Cross-Sectional Study, International Journal of Clinical Practice (2021)
13. Red, White, and Processed Meat Consumption Related to Inflammatory and Metabolic Biomarkers Among Overweight and Obese Women, Frontiers in Nutrition (2022)
14. Associations Between Dietary Intake of B Vitamins and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Elderly Men: A Cross-Sectional Study, International Journal of Clinical Practice (2021)
15. Association of Major Dietary Patterns With Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetic Patients, Iranian Journal of Public Health (2016)
16. Assessing the Association Between Dairy Consumption and the 10-Year Framingham Risk Score in Women, BMC Nutrition (2025)
17. Dietary Networks Identified by Gaussian Graphical Model and General and Abdominal Obesity in Adults, Nutrition Journal (2021)
18. Adherence to Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (Dash) and Mediterranean Dietary Patterns in Relation to Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Older Adults, Clinical Nutrition ESPEN (2020)
19. Temporal Trends in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Attributed Burden in Iran, 1990–2021, Scientific Reports (2025)
20. Association of Dietary Insulinemic Potential With Disease Severity and Symptoms in Patients With Covid-19, Nutrition Clinique et Metabolisme (2024)
21. Inflammatory Biomarkers in Overweight and Obese Iranian Women Are Associated With Polyphenol Intake, Journal of Health# Population and Nutrition (2023)
22. Association of Mediterranean-Dash Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (Mind) Diet and Metabolically Unhealthy Overweight/Obesity Phenotypes Among Iranian Women: A Cross Sectional Study, BMC Endocrine Disorders (2023)
23. Association Between Dairy Consumption, Dietary Calcium Intake and General and Abdominal Obesity Among Iranian Adults, Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews (2018)
24. The Prevalence of Food Addiction and Its Associations With Plasma Oxytocin Level and Anthropometric and Dietary Measurements in Iranian Women With Obesity, Peptides (2019)
25. Association Between Dietary Insulin Index and Load With Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Adropin and Metabolic Health Status in Iranian Adults, Scientific Reports (2023)
26. The Association Between Healthy Beverage Index and Healthy and Unhealthy Obesity Phenotypes Among Obese Women: A Cross-Sectional Study, Genetics Research (2022)
27. The Association Between Dietary Intake of Magnesium and Psychiatric Disorders Among Iranian Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study, British Journal of Nutrition (2018)
28. The Association Between Lunch Composition and Obesity in Iranian Adults, British Journal of Nutrition (2022)
29. Dairy Consumption in Relation to Primary Headaches Among a Large Population of University Students: The Mephasous Study, Complementary Therapies in Medicine (2020)
30. Exploring the Link Between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Nafld Through a Structural Equation Modeling Approach, Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition (2024)
31. Legume and Nut Consumption in Relation to Depression, Anxiety and Psychological Distress in Iranian Adults, European Journal of Nutrition (2020)
32. Association Between Lifelines Diet Score (Llds) and Some Novel Anthropometric Indices, Including Body Roundness Index (Bri), a Body Shape Index (Absi), Visceral Adiposity Index (Vai), and Body Adiposity Index (Bai), in Iranian Women: A Cross-Sectional Study, BMC Women's Health (2024)
33. Association of Dietary Acid-Base Load and Diabetic Sensorimotor Polyneuropathy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study, Clinical Nutrition ESPEN (2022)
34. Ldl/Apo B Ratio Predict Coronary Heart Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Independent of Ascvd Risk Score: A Case-Cohort Study, Nutrition# Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases (2021)
35. Deletion Allele of Apo B Gene Is Associated With Higher Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Dyslipidemia in Obese Type 2 Diabetic Patients: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study, BMC Endocrine Disorders (2022)
36. Predicted 10-Year Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Body Mass Index Paradox; [Prediction Du Risque De Maladie Cardio-Vasculaire Sur Une Periode De 10 Ans En Republique Islamique D'iran, Et Paradoxe De L'indice De Masse Corporelle], Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal (2020)
37. The Association of Bread and Rice With Metabolic Factors in Type 2 Diabetic Patients, PLoS ONE (2016)
38. Association of Dietary Patterns With Continuous Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents; a Nationwide Propensity Score-Matched Analysis: The Caspian-V Study, Diabetology and Metabolic Syndrome (2018)
39. The Joint Association of Serum Vitamin D Status and Cardiorespiratory Fitness With Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Tehranian Adults, British Journal of Nutrition (2022)
40. The Association Between Dairy Intake and Migraine Odds Among Pediatrics and Adolescents: A Case-Control Study, Iranian Journal of Child Neurology (2022)
41. How Is Healthy Eating Index-2015 Related to Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Frontiers in Nutrition (2023)
42. Priority Setting in Cardiovascular Research in Iran Using Standard Indigenous Methods, Journal of Research in Medical Sciences (2022)
43. Association of Dietary Insulin Index (Dii) and Dietary Insulin Load (Dil) With Circadian Rhythm and Quality of Sleep Among Overweight and Obese Women: A Cross-Sectional Study, BMC Endocrine Disorders (2024)
44. Temporal Patterns of Energy Intake Identified by the Latent Class Analysis in Relation to Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Iranian Adults, British Journal of Nutrition (2023)
45. Association of Major Dietary Patterns With General and Abdominal Obesity in Iranian Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research (2015)
46. Dietary Insulin Index (Dii) and Dietary Insulin Load (Dil) and Caveolin Gene Variant Interaction on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Among Overweight and Obese Women: A Cross-Sectional Study, European Journal of Medical Research (2024)
47. Dairy Intake and Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study on Iranian Obese and Overweight Women, BMC Public Health (2024)
48. The Relationship Between Low-Carbohydrate Diet Score, Dietary Insulin Index and Load With Obesity in Healthy Adults, Eating and Weight Disorders (2022)
49. Validation of Diet History Questionnaire in Assessing Energy and Nutrient Intakes of Iranian Population, Iranian Journal of Public Health (2019)
50. Investigation of the Interaction Between Genetic Risk Score (Grs) and Fatty Acid Quality Indices on Metabolic Syndrome Among Overweight and Obese Women, BMC Medical Genomics (2024)