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Exploring the Link Between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Nafld Through a Structural Equation Modeling Approach Publisher Pubmed



Doustmohammadian A1 ; Zamani F1 ; Hebert JR2, 3 ; Moradilakeh M4 ; Esfandyiari S5 ; Amirkalali B1 ; Motamed N6 ; Maadi M1 ; Price S2, 3 ; Gholizadeh E1 ; Ajdarkosh H1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Cancer Prevention & Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, 29208, SC, United States
  3. 3. Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, 29208, SC, United States
  4. 4. Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Nigeria
  5. 5. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Social Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran

Source: Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition Published:2024


Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a significant global public health dilemma with wide-ranging social and economic implications. Diet and lifestyle modifications remain essential components of NAFLD management. The current study investigated the association between diet-related inflammation and NAFLD among 3110 Iranian adults participating in the Amol Cohort Study (AmolCS), employing the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach.The inflammatory potential of the diet was quantified using an energy-adjusted dietary index (E-DII) score. Findings showed that in the total sample and separately in males, the E-DII score had a significant effect on NAFLD, with mediation through hypertension (βstandardized = 0.16, and 0.13, p < 0.001, respectively) and c-reactive protein (CRP) (βstandardized = 0.07, and 0.07, p < 0.001, respectively). In the total sample and separately in females, the E-DII score significantly affected NAFLD, with mediation through diabetes (βstandardized = 0.06, p < 0.001, and 0.07, p = 0.006, respectively). In full and both gender-specific models, dyslipidemia was a risk factor for NAFLD and partially mediated the effect of hypertension on NAFLD. The current study concluded a mediated association between dietary inflammation and NAFLD through hypertension, CRP, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, suggesting further longitudinal studies, especially in high-risk populations. These findings underscore the complex interplay between diet, inflammation, and NAFLD in Iranian adults. © The Author(s) 2024.
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