Sars-Cov-2 Outbreak in Iran: The Dynamics of the Epidemic and Evidence on Two Independent Introductions

Sars-Cov-2 Outbreak in Iran: The Dynamics of the Epidemic and Evidence on Two Independent Introductions Publisher Pubmed

Fattahi Z^{1, 2} ; Mohseni M^{1, 2, 3} ; Jalalvand K¹ ; Aghakhani Moghadam F¹ ; Ghaziasadi A^{4, 5} ; Keshavarzi F¹ ; Yavarian J⁴ ; Jafarpour A^{4, 5} ; Mortazavi SE⁶ ; Ghodratpour F¹ ; Behravan H¹ ; Khazeni M^{4, 7} ; Momeni SA⁷ ; Jahanzad I⁸ Show All Authors

Fattahi Z^{1, 2}
Mohseni M^{1, 2, 3}
Jalalvand K¹
Aghakhani Moghadam F¹
Ghaziasadi A^{4, 5}
Keshavarzi F¹
Yavarian J⁴
Jafarpour A^{4, 5}
Mortazavi SE⁶
Ghodratpour F¹
Behravan H¹
Khazeni M^{4, 7}
Momeni SA⁷
Jahanzad I⁸
Moradi A⁹
Tabarraei A⁹
Azimi SA⁹
Kord E¹⁰
Hashemishahri SM¹⁰
Azaran A¹¹
Yousefi F¹¹
Mokhames Z¹²
Soleimani A¹²
Ghafari S¹³
Ziaee M¹³
Habibzadeh S¹⁴
Jeddi F¹⁴
Hadadi A¹⁵
Abdollahi A¹⁶
Kaydani GA¹⁷
Soltani S^{4, 5}
Mokhtariazad T⁴
Najafipour R¹⁸
Malekzadeh R¹⁹
Kahrizi K¹
Jazayeri SM^{4, 5}
Najmabadi H^{1, 2}

Source: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases Published:2022

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 virus has been rapidly spreading globally since December 2019, triggering a pandemic, soon after its emergence. While Iran was among the first countries confronted with rapid spread of virus in February 2020, no real-time SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome tracking in early phase of outbreak was performed in the country. To address this issue, we provided 50 whole-genome sequences of viral isolates ascertained from different geographical locations in Iran during March–July 2020. The corresponding analysis on origins, transmission dynamics and genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 virus, represented at least two introductions of the virus into the country, constructing two major clusters defined as B.4 and B.1*. The first entry of the virus might have occurred around very late 2019/early 2020, as suggested by the time to the most recent common ancestor, followed by a rapid community transmission that led to dominancy of B.4 lineage in early epidemic till the end of June. Gradually, reduction in dominancy of B.4 occurred possibly as a result of other entries of the virus, followed by surge of B.1* lineages, as of mid-May. Remarkably, variation tracking of the virus indicated the increase in frequency of D614G mutation, along with B.1* lineages, which showed continuity till October 2020. The increase in frequency of D614G mutation and B.1* lineages from mid-May onwards predicts a rapid viral transmission that may push the country into a critical health situation followed by a considerable change in composition of viral lineages circulating in the country. © 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

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Style	Citing Format
MLA	Fattahi Z, et al.. "Sars-Cov-2 Outbreak in Iran: The Dynamics of the Epidemic and Evidence on Two Independent Introductions." Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, vol. 69, no. 3, 2022, pp. 1375-1386.
APA	Fattahi Z, Mohseni M, Jalalvand K, Aghakhani Moghadam F, Ghaziasadi A, Keshavarzi F, Yavarian J, Jafarpour A, Mortazavi SE, Ghodratpour F, Behravan H, Khazeni M, Momeni SA, Jahanzad I, Moradi A, Tabarraei A, Azimi SA, Kord E, Hashemishahri SM, ... Najmabadi H (2022). Sars-Cov-2 Outbreak in Iran: The Dynamics of the Epidemic and Evidence on Two Independent Introductions. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 69(3), 1375-1386.
Chicago	Fattahi Z, Mohseni M, Jalalvand K, Aghakhani Moghadam F, Ghaziasadi A, Keshavarzi F, Yavarian J, et al.. "Sars-Cov-2 Outbreak in Iran: The Dynamics of the Epidemic and Evidence on Two Independent Introductions." Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 69, no. 3 (2022): 1375-1386.
Harvard	Fattahi Z et al. (2022) 'Sars-Cov-2 Outbreak in Iran: The Dynamics of the Epidemic and Evidence on Two Independent Introductions', Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 69(3), pp. 1375-1386.
Vancouver	Fattahi Z, Mohseni M, Jalalvand K, Aghakhani Moghadam F, Ghaziasadi A, Keshavarzi F, et al.. Sars-Cov-2 Outbreak in Iran: The Dynamics of the Epidemic and Evidence on Two Independent Introductions. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. 2022;69(3):1375-1386.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Fattahi Z and Mohseni M and Jalalvand K and Aghakhani Moghadam F and Ghaziasadi A and Keshavarzi F and Yavarian J and Jafarpour A and Mortazavi SE and Ghodratpour F and Behravan H and Khazeni M and Momeni SA and Jahanzad I and Moradi A and Tabarraei A and Azimi SA and Kord E and Hashemishahri SM and Azaran A and Yousefi F and Mokhames Z and Soleimani A and Ghafari S and Ziaee M and Habibzadeh S and Jeddi F and Hadadi A and Abdollahi A and Kaydani GA and Soltani S and Mokhtariazad T and Najafipour R and Malekzadeh R and Kahrizi K and Jazayeri SM and Najmabadi H}, title = {Sars-Cov-2 Outbreak in Iran: The Dynamics of the Epidemic and Evidence on Two Independent Introductions}, journal = {Transboundary and Emerging Diseases}, volume = {69}, number = {3}, pages = {1375-1386}, year = {2022} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Fattahi Z AU - Mohseni M AU - Jalalvand K AU - Aghakhani Moghadam F AU - Ghaziasadi A AU - Keshavarzi F AU - Yavarian J AU - Jafarpour A AU - Mortazavi SE AU - Ghodratpour F AU - Behravan H AU - Khazeni M AU - Momeni SA AU - Jahanzad I AU - Moradi A AU - Tabarraei A AU - Azimi SA AU - Kord E AU - Hashemishahri SM AU - Azaran A AU - Yousefi F AU - Mokhames Z AU - Soleimani A AU - Ghafari S AU - Ziaee M AU - Habibzadeh S AU - Jeddi F AU - Hadadi A AU - Abdollahi A AU - Kaydani GA AU - Soltani S AU - Mokhtariazad T AU - Najafipour R AU - Malekzadeh R AU - Kahrizi K AU - Jazayeri SM AU - Najmabadi H TI - Sars-Cov-2 Outbreak in Iran: The Dynamics of the Epidemic and Evidence on Two Independent Introductions JO - Transboundary and Emerging Diseases VL - 69 IS - 3 SP - 1375 EP - 1386 PY - 2022 ER -

Style

Citing Format

MLA

Fattahi Z, et al.. "Sars-Cov-2 Outbreak in Iran: The Dynamics of the Epidemic and Evidence on Two Independent Introductions." Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, vol. 69, no. 3, 2022, pp. 1375-1386.

APA

Fattahi Z, Mohseni M, Jalalvand K, Aghakhani Moghadam F, Ghaziasadi A, Keshavarzi F, Yavarian J, Jafarpour A, Mortazavi SE, Ghodratpour F, Behravan H, Khazeni M, Momeni SA, Jahanzad I, Moradi A, Tabarraei A, Azimi SA, Kord E, Hashemishahri SM, ... Najmabadi H (2022). Sars-Cov-2 Outbreak in Iran: The Dynamics of the Epidemic and Evidence on Two Independent Introductions. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 69(3), 1375-1386.

Chicago

Fattahi Z, Mohseni M, Jalalvand K, Aghakhani Moghadam F, Ghaziasadi A, Keshavarzi F, Yavarian J, et al.. "Sars-Cov-2 Outbreak in Iran: The Dynamics of the Epidemic and Evidence on Two Independent Introductions." Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 69, no. 3 (2022): 1375-1386.

Harvard

Fattahi Z et al. (2022) 'Sars-Cov-2 Outbreak in Iran: The Dynamics of the Epidemic and Evidence on Two Independent Introductions', Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 69(3), pp. 1375-1386.

Vancouver

Fattahi Z, Mohseni M, Jalalvand K, Aghakhani Moghadam F, Ghaziasadi A, Keshavarzi F, et al.. Sars-Cov-2 Outbreak in Iran: The Dynamics of the Epidemic and Evidence on Two Independent Introductions. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. 2022;69(3):1375-1386.

BibTex

@article{ author = {Fattahi Z and Mohseni M and Jalalvand K and Aghakhani Moghadam F and Ghaziasadi A and Keshavarzi F and Yavarian J and Jafarpour A and Mortazavi SE and Ghodratpour F and Behravan H and Khazeni M and Momeni SA and Jahanzad I and Moradi A and Tabarraei A and Azimi SA and Kord E and Hashemishahri SM and Azaran A and Yousefi F and Mokhames Z and Soleimani A and Ghafari S and Ziaee M and Habibzadeh S and Jeddi F and Hadadi A and Abdollahi A and Kaydani GA and Soltani S and Mokhtariazad T and Najafipour R and Malekzadeh R and Kahrizi K and Jazayeri SM and Najmabadi H}, title = {Sars-Cov-2 Outbreak in Iran: The Dynamics of the Epidemic and Evidence on Two Independent Introductions}, journal = {Transboundary and Emerging Diseases}, volume = {69}, number = {3}, pages = {1375-1386}, year = {2022} }

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Fattahi Z
AU - Mohseni M
AU - Jalalvand K
AU - Aghakhani Moghadam F
AU - Ghaziasadi A
AU - Keshavarzi F
AU - Yavarian J
AU - Jafarpour A
AU - Mortazavi SE
AU - Ghodratpour F
AU - Behravan H
AU - Khazeni M
AU - Momeni SA
AU - Jahanzad I
AU - Moradi A
AU - Tabarraei A
AU - Azimi SA
AU - Kord E
AU - Hashemishahri SM
AU - Azaran A
AU - Yousefi F
AU - Mokhames Z
AU - Soleimani A
AU - Ghafari S
AU - Ziaee M
AU - Habibzadeh S
AU - Jeddi F
AU - Hadadi A
AU - Abdollahi A
AU - Kaydani GA
AU - Soltani S
AU - Mokhtariazad T
AU - Najafipour R
AU - Malekzadeh R
AU - Kahrizi K
AU - Jazayeri SM
AU - Najmabadi H
TI - Sars-Cov-2 Outbreak in Iran: The Dynamics of the Epidemic and Evidence on Two Independent Introductions
JO - Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
VL - 69
IS - 3
SP - 1375
EP - 1386
PY - 2022
ER -

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Abstract