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Comparative Atlas of Sars-Cov-2 Substitution Mutations: A Focus on Iranian Strains Amidst Global Trends Publisher Pubmed



Abbasian MH1 ; Rahimian K2 ; Mahmanzar M3, 4 ; Bayat S5 ; Kuehu DL4 ; Sisakht MM6 ; Moradi B7 ; Deng Y4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, 1497716316, Iran
  2. 2. Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, 14174, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Bioinformatics, Kish International Campus University of Tehran, Kish, 7941639982, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, 96813, HI, United States
  5. 5. Department of Biology, Research Center for Animal Development Applied Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, 9187147578, Iran
  6. 6. Faculty of Pharmacy, Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1936893813, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, 7616913439, Iran

Source: Viruses Published:2024


Abstract

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new emerging coronavirus that caused coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Whole-genome tracking of SARS-CoV-2 enhanced our understanding of the mechanism of the disease, control, and prevention of COVID-19. Methods: we analyzed 3368 SARS-CoV-2 protein sequences from Iran and compared them with 15.6 million global sequences in the GISAID database, using the Wuhan-Hu-1 strain as a reference. Results: Our investigation revealed that NSP12-P323L, ORF9c-G50N, NSP14-I42V, membrane-A63T, Q19E, and NSP3-G489S were found to be the most frequent mutations among Iranian SARS-CoV-2 sequences. Furthermore, it was observed that more than 94% of the SARS-CoV-2 genome, including NSP7, NSP8, NSP9, NSP10, NSP11, and ORF8, had no mutations when compared to the Wuhan-Hu-1 strain. Finally, our data indicated that the ORF3a-T24I, NSP3-G489S, NSP5-P132H, NSP14-I42V, envelope-T9I, nucleocapsid-D3L, membrane-Q19E, and membrane-A63T mutations might be responsible factors for the surge in the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant wave in Iran. Conclusions: real-time genomic surveillance is crucial for detecting new SARS-CoV-2 variants, updating diagnostic tools, designing vaccines, and understanding adaptation to new environments. © 2024 by the authors.
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