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Immunologic Response, Efficacy, and Safety of Vaccines Against Covid-19 Infection in Healthy and Immunosuppressed Children and Adolescents Aged 2 – 21 Years Old: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher Pubmed



Sadeghi S1, 5 ; Kalantari Y2 ; Shokri S3 ; Fallahpour M3 ; Nafissi N4 ; Goodarzi A5, 6 ; Valizadeh R7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Dermatology, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, AB, Canada
  2. 2. Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Pediatrics, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Clinical Research Development Center (RCRDC), School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of General Surgery, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Clinical Research Development Center (RCRDC), School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Dermatology, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Clinical Research Development Center (RCRDC), School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran Jordan Dermatology and Hair Transplantation Center, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Epidemiology, Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical science, Tehran, Iran and Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Journal of Clinical Virology Published:2022


Abstract

Children and adolescents form a large proportion of societies and play an important role in the transmission of COVID-19. On the other hand, their education, mental and physical wellness, and safety are compromised which makes vaccination a crucial step to return to normal life. In the current systematic review, the COVID-19 vaccination was evaluated in a total of 50,148 children and adolescents in 22 published studies and 5,279 participants in two ongoing clinical trials. The study was registered in the PROSPERO with the ID# CRD42022303615. Data were collected about multiple vaccines including BNT162b2 (Pfizer), mRNA-1273 (Moderna), JNJ-78436735 (Johnson and Johnson), CoronaVac (Sinovac), BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm), adenovirus type-5-vectored vaccine, ZyCov-D, and BBV152 (COVAXIN). The immune response and efficacy of such vaccines were 96% – 100% in healthy children and adolescents and were also acceptable in those with underlying diseases and suppressed immune systems. The current systematic review revealed favorable safety profiles of employed vaccines in children and adolescents; however, adverse reactions such as myocarditis and myopericarditis were reported which were transient and resolved entirely. Consequently, vaccinating children and adolescents aged 2 – 21 years old is beneficial to abort the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, the risk-benefit assessments revealed favorable results for vaccinating children and adolescents, especially those with underlying diseases and immunosuppressed conditions, alongside adults to prevent transmission, severe infection, negative outcomes, and new variants formation. Also, according to the meta-analysis, the efficacy and immune response of vaccines after the first and second doses were 91% and 92%, respectively. Meanwhile, overall immune response for all vaccines was 95% and 91% for Pfizer vaccine. © 2022
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