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Application of Flow Cytometry in Predominantly Antibody Deficiencies Publisher Pubmed



Yazdani R1, 2 ; Aghamohammadi A1, 2 ; Rezaei N1, 3, 4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Network (PIDNet), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran

Source: Endocrine# Metabolic and Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Published:2021


Abstract

Predominantly antibody deficiencies (PADs) are a heterogeneous group of primary immu-nodeficiency disorders (PIDs), consisting of recurrent infections, autoimmunity, inflammation, and other immune complications. In the recent years, several immunological and genetic defects have been recognized in PADs. Currently, 45 distinct PAD disorders with 40 different genetic defects have been identified based on the 2019 IUIS classification. Genetic analysis is helpful for diagnosing PIDs; how-ever, genetic studies are expensive, time-consuming, and unavailable everywhere. Flow cytometry is a highly sensitive tool for evaluating the immune system and diagnosing PADs. In addition to cell popu-lations and subpopulations assay, flow cytometry can measure cell surface, intracellular and intranu-clear proteins, biological changes associated with specific immune defects, and certain functional immune abnormalities. These capabilities help in rapid diagnostic and prognostic assessment as well as in evaluating the pathogenesis of PADs. For the first time, this review particularly provides an overview of the application of flow cytometry for diagnosis, immunophenotyping, and determining the patho-genesis of PADs. © 2021 Bentham Science Publishers.
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