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The Association Between Healthy and Unhealthy Dietary Indices With Prostate Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study Publisher Pubmed



Mahmoodi M1, 2 ; Gabal BC3, 4, 5 ; Mohammadi F1, 2 ; Ibrahim FM6, 7 ; Jalilpiran Y8 ; Nouri M9, 10 ; Faghih S11
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  2. 2. Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  3. 3. Medical Laboratory Technique College, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
  4. 4. Medical Laboratory Technique College, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
  5. 5. Medical Laboratory Technique College, the Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
  6. 6. Community Health Nursing, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, United Arab Emirates
  7. 7. Lecturer, geriatric nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
  8. 8. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  9. 9. Cancer Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
  10. 10. Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  11. 11. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Source: Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition Published:2024


Abstract

Introduction: According to our knowledge, the relationship between dietary patterns such as pro-healthy, pro-vegetarian, and non-healthy dietary patterns and prostate cancer risk has not been clearly investigated in Iranian men. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between adherence to a pro-healthy (PHDI), pro-vegetarian (PDP), and non-healthy dietary indices (NHDI) and the risk of prostate cancer. Method: In this matched case-control study, 125 participants (62 cases and 63 hospital-based controls) were enrolled from April to September 2015. Participants’ dietary intakes were evaluated using a valid and reliable 160-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Dietary indices calculated based on previous studies. The relationship between dietary indices (PHDI, NHDI and PDP) and prostate cancer risk was assessed using binary regression models. Results: According to adjusted model, significant negative correlations were found between PHDI and PDP with prostate cancer (PHDI: OR = 0.31; 95% CI; 0.11–0.85; P = 0.023 – PDP: OR = 0.34; 95% CI; 0.15–0.75; P = 0.008). Also, a positive association was seen between NHDI and prostate cancer (OR = 3.01; 95% CI; 1.20–7.57; P = 0.019). Conclusion: We found that adherence to healthy dietary indices which includes high amounts of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains reduces the risk of prostate cancer. While adherence to a dietary pattern high in red and processed meat, refined grains, and sweetened beverages increases the risk of prostate cancer. © The Author(s) 2024.
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