Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Science Communicator Platform

Stay connected! Follow us on X network (Twitter):
Share By
Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990-2019: Update From the Gbd 2019 Study Publisher Pubmed



Roth GA1, 2, 3 ; Mensah GA4, 5 ; Johnson CO2 ; Addolorato G6 ; Ammirati E7 ; Baddour LM8 ; Barengo NC9 ; Beaton A10 ; Benjamin EJ11 ; Benziger CP12 ; Bonny A13, 14 ; Brauer M2, 15 ; Brodmann M16 ; Cahill TJ17 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Roth GA1, 2, 3
  2. Mensah GA4, 5
  3. Johnson CO2
  4. Addolorato G6
  5. Ammirati E7
  6. Baddour LM8
  7. Barengo NC9
  8. Beaton A10
  9. Benjamin EJ11
  10. Benziger CP12
  11. Bonny A13, 14
  12. Brauer M2, 15
  13. Brodmann M16
  14. Cahill TJ17
  15. Carapetis JR18, 19
  16. Catapano AL20, 21
  17. Chugh S22
  18. Cooper LT23
  19. Coresh J24
  20. Criqui MH25
  21. Decleene NK2
  22. Eagle KA26
  23. Emmonsbell S2
  24. Feigin VL2, 27, 28
  25. Fernandezsola J29, 30
  26. Fowkes FGR31
  27. Gakidou E2, 3
  28. Grundy SM32
  29. He FJ33
  30. Howard G34
  31. Hu F35
  32. Inker L36
  33. Karthikeyan G37
  34. Kassebaum NJ2, 38
  35. Koroshetz WJ39
  36. Lavie C40
  37. Lloydjones D41
  38. Lu HS42
  39. Mirijello A43
  40. Misganaw AT3, 44
  41. Mokdad AH2, 3
  42. Moran AE45, 46
  43. Muntner P47
  44. Narula J48
  45. Neal B49, 50
  46. Ntsekhe M51, 52
  47. Oliveira GMM53
  48. Otto CM1
  49. Owolabi MO54, 55
  50. Pratt M56
  51. Rajagopalan S57
  52. Reitsma MB2
  53. Ribeiro ALP58, 59
  54. Rigotti NA60, 61
  55. Rodgers A62
  56. Sable CA63
  57. Shakil SS1, 2
  58. Sliwa K64
  59. Stark BA2
  60. Sundstrom J65, 66
  61. Timpel P67
  62. Tleyjeh II68, 69
  63. Valgimigli M70, 71
  64. Vos T2, 3
  65. Whelton PK72
  66. Yacoub M73
  67. Zuhlke LJ5, 74
  68. Abbasikangevari M75
  69. Abdi A76
  70. Abedi A77
  71. Aboyans V78, 79
  72. Abrha WA80
  73. Abugharbieh E81
  74. Abushouk AI82, 83
  75. Acharya D84, 85
  76. Adair T86
  77. Adebayo OM87
  78. Ademi Z88
  79. Advani SM89, 90
  80. Afshari K91, 92
  81. Afshin A2, 3
  82. Agarwal G93
  83. Agasthi P94
  84. Ahmad S95
  85. Ahmadi S96
  86. Ahmed MB97, 98
  87. Aji B99
  88. Akalu Y100
  89. Akandesholabi W101
  90. Aklilu A102
  91. Akunna CJ103, 104
  92. Alahdab F105
  93. Aleyadhy A106
  94. Alhabib KF107
  95. Alif SM108
  96. Alipour V109, 110
  97. Aljunid SM111, 112
  98. Alla F113
  99. Almasihashiani A114
  100. Almustanyir S115, 116
  101. Alraddadi RM117
  102. Amegah AK118
  103. Amini S119
  104. Aminorroaya A120, 121
  105. Amu H122
  106. Amugsi DA123
  107. Ancuceanu R124
  108. Anderlini D125, 126
  109. Andrei T127
  110. Andrei CL128
  111. Ansarimoghaddam A129
  112. Anteneh ZA130
  113. Antonazzo IC131
  114. Antony B132
  115. Anwer R133
  116. Appiah LT134, 135
  117. Arabloo J109
  118. Arnlov J136, 137
  119. Artanti KD138
  120. Ataro Z139
  121. Ausloos M127, 140
  122. Avilaburgos L141
  123. Awan AT142, 143
  124. Awoke MA144
  125. Ayele HT145, 146
  126. Ayza MA147
  127. Azari S109
  128. Darshan BB148
  129. Baheiraei N149
  130. Baig AA150
  131. Bakhtiari A151
  132. Banach M152, 153
  133. Banik PC154
  134. Baptista EA155
  135. Barboza MA156, 157
  136. Barua L154
  137. Basu S158, 159
  138. Bedi N160, 161
  139. Bejot Y162, 163
  140. Bennett DA164
  141. Bensenor IM165
  142. Berman AE166
  143. Bezabih YM167, 168
  144. Bhagavathula AS169, 170
  145. Bhaskar S171, 172
  146. Bhattacharyya K173, 174
  147. Bijani A175
  148. Bikbov B176
  149. Birhanu MM177, 178
  150. Boloor A179
  151. Brant LC58
  152. Brenner H180
  153. Briko NI181
  154. Butt ZA182, 183
  155. Dos Santos FLC184
  156. Cahill LE185, 186
  157. Cahuanahurtado L187
  158. Camera LA188, 189, 645
  159. Camposnonato IR190
  160. Cantubrito C191
  161. Car J192, 193
  162. Carrero JJ194
  163. Carvalho F195
  164. Castanedaorjuela CA196, 197
  165. Catalalopez F198, 199
  166. Cerin E200, 201
  167. Charan J202
  168. Chattu VK203, 204
  169. Chen S205
  170. Chin KL108, 206
  171. Choi JYJ207
  172. Chu DT208
  173. Chung SC209, 210
  174. Cirillo M211
  175. Coffey S212
  176. Conti S213
  177. Costa VM195
  178. Cundiff DK214
  179. Dadras O215
  180. Dagnew B216
  181. Dai X2
  182. Damasceno AAM217
  183. Dandona L2, 218, 219
  184. Dandona R2, 3, 218
  185. Davletov K220
  186. De La Cruzgongora V221
  187. De La Hoz FP222
  188. De Neve JW205
  189. Denovagutierrez E190
  190. Molla MD223
  191. Derseh BT224
  192. Desai R225
  193. Deuschl G226, 227
  194. Dharmaratne SD2, 3, 228
  195. Dhimal M229
  196. Dhungana RR230
  197. Dianatinasab M231, 232
  198. Diaz D233, 234
  199. Djalalinia S235
  200. Dokova K236
  201. Douiri A237
  202. Duncan BB238
  203. Duraes AR239, 240
  204. Eagan AW241, 242
  205. Ebtehaj S243
  206. Eftekhari A244, 245
  207. Eftekharzadeh S246
  208. Ekholuenetale M247, 248
  209. El Nahas N249
  210. Elgendy IY250, 251
  211. Elhadi M252
  212. Eljaafary SI253
  213. Esteghamati S254
  214. Etisso AE255
  215. Eyawo O256
  216. Fadhil I257
  217. Faraon EJA258
  218. Faris PS259, 260
  219. Farwati M243, 261
  220. Farzadfar F120
  221. Fernandes E262
  222. Prendes CF263, 264
  223. Ferrara P131
  224. Filip I265, 266
  225. Fischer F267
  226. Flood D26, 268
  227. Fukumoto T269
  228. Gad MM270, 271
  229. Gaidhane S272
  230. Ganji M254
  231. Garg J273
  232. Gebre AK274, 275
  233. Gebregiorgis BG276
  234. Gebregzabiher KZ80
  235. Gebremeskel GG277, 278
  236. Getacher L224
  237. Obsa AG279
  238. Ghajar A280
  239. Ghashghaee A109, 281
  240. Ghith N282
  241. Giampaoli S283
  242. Gilani SA284, 285
  243. Gill PS286
  244. Gillum RF287, 288
  245. Glushkova EV181
  246. Gnedovskaya EV289
  247. Golechha M290
  248. Gonfa KB291
  249. Goudarzian AH292
  250. Goulart AC165, 293, 580
  251. Guadamuz JS294
  252. Guha A295, 296
  253. Guo Y108, 297
  254. Gupta R298, 299
  255. Hachinski V300, 301
  256. Hafezinejad N302, 303
  257. Haile TG277
  258. Hamadeh RR304
  259. Hamidi S305
  260. Hankey GJ306, 307
  261. Hargono A308
  262. Hartono RK309
  263. Hashemian M310, 311
  264. Hashi A312
  265. Hassan S313, 314
  266. Hassen HY315, 316
  267. Havmoeller RJ317
  268. Hay SI2, 3
  269. Hayat K318, 319
  270. Heidari G320
  271. Herteliu C127, 321
  272. Holla R148
  273. Hosseini M322, 323
  274. Hosseinzadeh M324, 325
  275. Hostiuc M326
  276. Hostiuc S327, 328
  277. Househ M329
  278. Huang J330
  279. Humayun A331
  280. Iavicoli I211
  281. Ibeneme CU332, 333
  282. Ibitoye SE334
  283. Ilesanmi OS335, 336
  284. Ilic IM337
  285. Ilic MD338
  286. Iqbal U339
  287. Irvani SSN340
  288. Islam SMS341, 342
  289. Islam RM108
  290. Iso H343
  291. Iwagami M344, 345
  292. Jain V261
  293. Javaheri T346
  294. Jayapal SK347
  295. Jayaram S348
  296. Jayawardena R349, 350
  297. Jeemon P351
  298. Jha RP352, 353
  299. Jonas JB354, 355
  300. Jonnagaddala J356, 357
  301. Joukar F358, 359
  302. Jozwiak JJ360
  303. Jurisson M361
  304. Kabir A362
  305. Kahlon T363, 364
  306. Kalani R365
  307. Kalhor R366, 367
  308. Kamath A368
  309. Kamel I369, 370
  310. Kandel H371, 372
  311. Kandel A373
  312. Karch A374
  313. Kasa AS375
  314. Katoto PDMC376, 377
  315. Kayode GA378, 379
  316. Khader YS380
  317. Khammarnia M381
  318. Khan MS382, 383
  319. Khan MDN384
  320. Khan M385
  321. Khan EA386
  322. Khatab K387, 388
  323. Kibria GMA389, 390
  324. Kim YJ391
  325. Kim GR392
  326. Kimokoti RW393
  327. Kisa S394
  328. Kisa A395, 396
  329. Kivimaki M397, 398
  330. Kolte D60, 250
  331. Koolivand A399
  332. Korshunov VA181
  333. Laxminarayana SLK400
  334. Koyanagi A401, 402
  335. Krishan K403
  336. Krishnamoorthy V404, 405
  337. Defo BK406, 407
  338. Bicer BK408
  339. Kulkarni V409
  340. Kumar GA218
  341. Kumar N409
  342. Kurmi OP410, 411
  343. Kusuma D412, 413
  344. Kwan GF11, 414
  345. La Vecchia C415
  346. Lacey B164, 416
  347. Lallukka T398
  348. Lan Q417
  349. Lasrado S418
  350. Lassi ZS419
  351. Lauriola P420
  352. Lawrence WR421, 422
  353. Laxmaiah A423
  354. Legrand KE2
  355. Li MC424
  356. Li B425
  357. Li S88
  358. Lim SS2, 3
  359. Lim LL426, 427
  360. Lin H428
  361. Lin Z429
  362. Lin RT430, 431
  363. Liu X432
  364. Lopez AD2, 3, 86
  365. Lorkowski S433, 434
  366. Lotufo PA435
  367. Lugo A436
  368. Nirmal KM437
  369. Madotto F438
  370. Mahmoudi M439
  371. Majeed A193
  372. Malekzadeh R311, 440
  373. Malik AA441, 442
  374. Mamun AA443
  375. Manafi N444, 445
  376. Mansournia MA322
  377. Mantovani LG213, 438
  378. Martini S446, 447
  379. Mathur MR448, 449
  380. Mazzaglia G450
  381. Mehata S451
  382. Mehndiratta MM452, 453
  383. Meier T454, 455
  384. Menezes RG456
  385. Meretoja A457, 458
  386. Mestrovic T459, 460
  387. Miazgowski B461
  388. Miazgowski T463
  389. Michalek IM464
  390. Miller TR465, 466
  391. Mirrakhimov EM467, 468
  392. Mirzaei H469
  393. Moazen B205, 470
  394. Moghadaszadeh M471, 472
  395. Mohammad Y473
  396. Mohammad DK474, 475
  397. Mohammed S205, 476
  398. Mohammed MA477
  399. Mokhayeri Y478
  400. Molokhia M479
  401. Montasir AA480, 481
  402. Moradi G482, 483
  403. Moradzadeh R114
  404. Moraga P484
  405. Morawska L485
  406. Velasquez IM486
  407. Morze J487
  408. Mubarik S488
  409. Muruet W237
  410. Musa KI489
  411. Nagarajan AJ490, 491
  412. Nalini M492
  413. Nangia V494
  414. Naqvi AA495, 496
  415. Swamy SN497
  416. Nascimento BR498, 499
  417. Nayak VC500
  418. Nazari J501
  419. Nazarzadeh M502
  420. Negoi RI503, 504
  421. Kandel SN505
  422. Nguyen HLT506
  423. Nixon MR2
  424. Norrving B507
  425. Noubiap JJ508
  426. Nouthe BE509
  427. Nowak C510
  428. Odukoya OO511, 512
  429. Ogbo FA513
  430. Olagunju AT514, 515
  431. Orru H361, 516
  432. Ortiz A517, 518
  433. Ostroff SM2, 519
  434. Padubidri JR520
  435. Palladino R193, 211
  436. Pana A127, 521
  437. Pandajonas S354
  438. Parekh U522
  439. Park EC392, 523
  440. Parvizi M524
  441. Kan FP525
  442. Patel UK526
  443. Pathak M527
  444. Paudel R528
  445. Pepito VCF529
  446. Perianayagam A530
  447. Perico N531
  448. Pham HQ506
  449. Pilgrim T532
  450. Piradov MA28
  451. Pishgar F120, 533
  452. Podder V534, 535
  453. Polibin RV181
  454. Pourshams A311
  455. Pribadi DRA536
  456. Rabiee N537
  457. Rabiee M538
  458. Radfar A539
  459. Rafiei A540, 541
  460. Rahim F542, 543
  461. Rahimimovaghar V544
  462. Rahman MHU545
  463. Rahman MA546, 547
  464. Rahmani AM324, 548
  465. Rakovac I549
  466. Ram P550
  467. Ramalingam S551
  468. Rana J552, 553
  469. Ranasinghe P554
  470. Rao SJ555
  471. Rathi P148
  472. Rawal L556
  473. Rawasia WF557
  474. Rawassizadeh R558
  475. Remuzzi G531
  476. Renzaho AMN559, 560
  477. Rezapour A109
  478. Riahi SM561
  479. Robertsthomson RL562
  480. Roever L563
  481. Rohloff P564, 565
  482. Romoli M566, 567
  483. Roshandel G568
  484. Rwegerera GM569
  485. Saadatagah S243
  486. Saberayad MM81, 570
  487. Sabour S571
  488. Sacco S572
  489. Sadeghi M573
  490. Moghaddam SS120
  491. Safari S574
  492. Sahebkar A575, 576
  493. Salehi S577
  494. Salimzadeh H311
  495. Samaei M578
  496. Samy AM579
  497. Santos IS165, 293, 580
  498. Santricmilicevic MM337, 581
  499. Sarrafzadegan N15, 582
  500. Sarveazad A583
  501. Sathish T584
  502. Sawhney M585
  503. Saylan M586
  504. Schmidt MI238
  505. Schutte AE66, 587
  506. Senthilkumaran S588
  507. Sepanlou SG311, 440
  508. Sha F589
  509. Shahabi S590
  510. Shahid I591
  511. Shaikh MA592
  512. Shamali M593
  513. Shamsizadeh M594
  514. Shawon MDSR595
  515. Sheikh A596, 597
  516. Shigematsu M598
  517. Shin MJ599
  518. Shin JI600
  519. Shiri R601
  520. Shiue I602
  521. Shuval K603, 604
  522. Siabani S605, 606
  523. Siddiqi TJ607
  524. Silva DAS608
  525. Singh JA609, 610
  526. Singh A132
  527. Skryabin VY611
  528. Skryabina AA612
  529. Soheili A613
  530. Spurlock EE2
  531. Stockfelt L614
  532. Stortecky S532
  533. Stranges S615, 616
  534. Abdulkader RS617, 618
  535. Tadbiri H619
  536. Tadesse EG620
  537. Tadesse DB277
  538. Tajdini M121
  539. Tariqujjaman MD621
  540. Teklehaimanot BF622
  541. Temsah MH106
  542. Tesema AK623
  543. Thakur B624, 625
  544. Thankappan KR626
  545. Thapar R409
  546. Thrift AG627
  547. Timalsina B628
  548. Tonelli M629
  549. Touvier M630, 631
  550. Tovanipalone MR632, 633
  551. Tripathi A363
  552. Tripathy JP634
  553. Truelsen TC635
  554. Tsegay GM277
  555. Tsegaye GW636
  556. Tsilimparis N637
  557. Tusa BS638
  558. Tyrovolas S639, 640
  559. Umapathi KK641
  560. Unim B642
  561. Unnikrishnan B643
  562. Usman MS383
  563. Vaduganathan M644
  564. Valdez PR189, 645, 646
  565. Vasankari TJ647
  566. Velazquez DZ234
  567. Venketasubramanian N648, 649
  568. Vu GT650
  569. Vujcic IS337
  570. Waheed Y651
  571. Wang Y237
  572. Wang F652
  573. Wei J653
  574. Weintraub RG654, 655
  575. Weldemariam AH80
  576. Westerman R656
  577. Winkler AS657, 658
  578. Wiysonge CS659, 660
  579. Wolfe CDA237, 661
  580. Wubishet BL274, 662
  581. Xu G663
  582. Yadollahpour A664
  583. Yamagishi K665, 666
  584. Yan LL667, 668
  585. Yandrapalli S669, 670
  586. Yano Y671
  587. Yatsuya H672, 673
  588. Yeheyis TY674
  589. Yeshaw Y675
  590. Yilgwan CS676, 677
  591. Yonemoto N678, 679
  592. Yu C488
  593. Yusefzadeh H680
  594. Zachariah G681
  595. Zaman SB682, 683
  596. Zaman MS684
  597. Zamanian M114
  598. Zand R685, 686
  599. Zandifar A687
  600. Zarghi A688
  601. Zastrozhin MS689, 690
  602. Zastrozhina A691
  603. Zhang ZJ692
  604. Zhang Y693, 694
  605. Zhang W695
  606. Zhong C330
  607. Zou Z696
  608. Zuniga YMH697, 698
  609. Murray CJL2, 3
  610. Fuster V699, 700

Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology Published:2020


Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), principally ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, are the leading cause of global mortality and a major contributor to disability. This paper reviews the magnitude of total CVD burden, including 13 underlying causes of cardiovascular death and 9 related risk factors, using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. GBD, an ongoing multinational collaboration to provide comparable and consistent estimates of population health over time, used all available population-level data sources on incidence, prevalence, case fatality, mortality, and health risks to produce estimates for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Prevalent cases of total CVD nearly doubled from 271 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 257 to 285 million) in 1990 to 523 million (95% UI: 497 to 550 million) in 2019, and the number of CVD deaths steadily increased from 12.1 million (95% UI:11.4 to 12.6 million) in 1990, reaching 18.6 million (95% UI: 17.1 to 19.7 million) in 2019. The global trends for disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years of life lost also increased significantly, and years lived with disability doubled from 17.7 million (95% UI: 12.9 to 22.5 million) to 34.4 million (95% UI:24.9 to 43.6 million) over that period. The total number of DALYs due to IHD has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 182 million (95% UI: 170 to 194 million) DALYs, 9.14 million (95% UI: 8.40 to 9.74 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 197 million (95% UI: 178 to 220 million) prevalent cases of IHD in 2019. The total number of DALYs due to stroke has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 143 million (95% UI: 133 to 153 million) DALYs, 6.55 million (95% UI: 6.00 to 7.02 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 101 million (95% UI: 93.2 to 111 million) prevalent cases of stroke in 2019. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of disease burden in the world. CVD burden continues its decades-long rise for almost all countries outside high-income countries, and alarmingly, the age-standardized rate of CVD has begun to rise in some locations where it was previously declining in high-income countries. There is an urgent need to focus on implementing existing cost-effective policies and interventions if the world is to meet the targets for Sustainable Development Goal 3 and achieve a 30% reduction in premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases. © 2020 The Authors
Other Related Docs
16. National and Subnational Burden of Stroke in Iran From 1990 to 2019, Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology (2022)