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Phenotyping Sleep Disturbances in Adhd and Identifying Harmonised Outcome Measures: A Personalised Precision Medicine Approach to Disruptive Behaviours Publisher



Ipsiroglu OS1 ; Klosch G4, 5 ; Stein M6 ; Blunden S7 ; Brand S8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 ; Clemens S14 ; Cortese S15, 16, 17, 18, 19 ; Duck A20 ; Dye T22 ; Gringras P23 ; Kuhle HJ24 ; Lawrence K25 ; Lecendreux M27 ; Miano S28 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Ipsiroglu OS1
  2. Klosch G4, 5
  3. Stein M6
  4. Blunden S7
  5. Brand S8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13
  6. Clemens S14
  7. Cortese S15, 16, 17, 18, 19
  8. Duck A20
  9. Dye T22
  10. Gringras P23
  11. Kuhle HJ24
  12. Lawrence K25
  13. Lecendreux M27
  14. Miano S28
  15. Mollin J29
  16. Nobili L30
  17. Owens J31
  18. Kaur Pandher P1
  19. Sadeghibahmani D32
  20. Schlarb AA34
  21. Schneider B35
  22. Silvestri R36
  23. Smith S37
  24. Spruyt K38
  25. Weiss MD39
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Interdisciplinary Sleep Program, Sleep/Wake-Behavior Clinic, Departments of Pediatrics & amp
  2. 2. Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
  3. 3. Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  4. 4. Institute for Sleep and Wake Research, Vienna, Austria
  5. 5. Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  6. 6. ADHD and Related Disorders Program, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
  7. 7. Appleton Institute of Behavioural Science, CQUniversity Australia, Adelaide Campus, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
  8. 8. Center of Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), Psychiatric Clinics of the University of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
  9. 9. Division of Sport Science and Psychosocial Health, Department of Sport, Exercise, and Health, Department of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
  10. 10. Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  11. 11. Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  12. 12. Center for Disaster Psychiatry and Disaster Psychology, Centre of Competence for Military and Disaster Medicine, Swiss Armed Forces, Basel, Switzerland
  13. 13. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  14. 14. Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
  15. 15. Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
  16. 16. Clinical and Experimental Sciences (CNS and Psychiatry), Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
  17. 17. Solent NHS Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
  18. 18. Hassenfeld Children’s Hospital at NYU Langone, New York University Child Study Center, New York City, NY, United States
  19. 19. DiMePRe-J-Department of Precision and Rigenerative Medicine-Jonic Area, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
  20. 20. Senior Physician, Department of Child & amp
  21. 21. Adolescent Psychiatry and Neurology, University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
  22. 22. Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
  23. 23. King’s College London and Evelina Children’s Hospital, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
  24. 24. Giessen, Germany
  25. 25. Psychology, School of Allied Health & amp
  26. 26. Life Sciences, St Mary’s University, Twickenham, London, United Kingdom
  27. 27. University Hospital, Robert-Debre, Paris, France
  28. 28. Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universita della Svizzera Italiana | Sleep Medicine Unit, Ospedale Civico, Lugano, Switzerland
  29. 29. Klinikum Westbrandenburg, Potsdam, Germany
  30. 30. Child Neuropsychiatry UNit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
  31. 31. Sleep Medicine, Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders, Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, United States
  32. 32. Department of Psychology and Department of Epidemiology & amp
  33. 33. Population Health, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
  34. 34. Department of Psychology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
  35. 35. Sozialpadiatrisches Zentrum Landshut, Kinderkrankenhaus St. Marien gGmbH, Landshut, Germany
  36. 36. Sleep Medicine Center, Neurophysiopathology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Messina University, Messina, Italy
  37. 37. UNC Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
  38. 38. NeuroDiderot, Universite Paris Cite, Paris, France
  39. 39. Department of Child Psychiatry, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States

Source: Somnologie Published:2024


Abstract

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a widespread neurodevelopmental disorder. Currently, the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD in children and adolescents is primarily centred on daytime functioning and the associated impairment of academic performance, although disrupted and restless sleep have been frequently reported in individuals with ADHD. Further, it has been recognised that sleep disorders not only intensify existing ADHD symptoms but in some cases can also mimic ADHD symptoms in the paediatric population with primary sleep disorders. Under the title ‘The blind spot: sleep as a child’s right issue?’, professionals from diverse disciplines, including medicine and social sciences as well as individuals with an interest in ADHD and sleep medicine, including laypeople, have initiated a unifying discourse. The objective of this discourse is to improve our understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD and disruptive behaviours and to develop personalised and precision medicine. Research has shown that the existing, primarily descriptive and categorical diagnostic systems do not capture the heterogeneous nature of youth with attentional and behavioural difficulties and the phenotypic expressions thereof, including nighttime behaviours and sleep. New strategies for clinical phenotyping and the exploration of patient-reported behaviours are necessary to expand our understanding and develop personalised treatment approaches. In this position paper, we outline gaps in the clinical care of ADHD and related sleep disturbances, review strategies for closing these gaps to meet the needs of individuals with ADHD, and suggest a roadmap for escaping the one-size-fits-all approach that has characterised ADHD treatment algorithms to date. © The Author(s) 2024.
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