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Burden of Transport-Related Injuries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 Publisher



Safiri S1, 2 ; Sullman MJM3, 4 ; Lajunen T5 ; Hill T6 ; Almasihashiani A7 ; Moradilakeh M8 ; Farzadfar F9 ; Sepanlou SG10, 11 ; Abugharbieh E12 ; Aghamolaei T13 ; Ahmad T14 ; Alghnam SA15, 16 ; Alhajj S17, 18 ; Alipour V19, 20 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Safiri S1, 2
  2. Sullman MJM3, 4
  3. Lajunen T5
  4. Hill T6
  5. Almasihashiani A7
  6. Moradilakeh M8
  7. Farzadfar F9
  8. Sepanlou SG10, 11
  9. Abugharbieh E12
  10. Aghamolaei T13
  11. Ahmad T14
  12. Alghnam SA15, 16
  13. Alhajj S17, 18
  14. Alipour V19, 20
  15. Aljunid SM21, 22
  16. Anjomshoa M23
  17. Ansarimoghaddam A24
  18. Arabloo J19
  19. Bayati M25
  20. Bedi N26, 27
  21. Bendak S28, 29
  22. Bhutta ZA30, 31
  23. Bijani A32
  24. Dahlawi SMA33
  25. Dianatinasab M34, 35
  26. Forooshani ZSD36
  27. Elhabashy HR37
  28. Zeydi AE38
  29. Eskandarieh S39
  30. Ghafourifard M40
  31. Ghashghaee A19, 41
  32. Grivna M42, 43
  33. Gubari MIM44
  34. Hamadeh RR45
  35. Hamidi S46
  36. Hayat K47, 48
  37. Rad EH49, 50
  38. Hosseinzadeh M51, 52
  39. Househ M53
  40. Naghibi SS54
  41. Jahani MA32
  42. Kalankesh LR55
  43. Kalhor R56, 57
  44. Kamel I58, 59
  45. Khammarnia M60
  46. Khan M61
  47. Khazaie H62
  48. Komaki H63, 64
  49. Lahimchi A65
  50. Madadin M66
  51. Maleki S67
  52. Manafi N68, 69
  53. Mansourghanaei F70, 71
  54. Mansournia MA72
  55. Menezes RG73
  56. Mohammad Y74
  57. Mohammadianhafshejani A75
  58. Mohebi F9, 76
  59. Moradi G77, 78
  60. Moradzadeh R7
  61. Mousavi SM79
  62. Naderi M67
  63. Nikbakhsh R80
  64. Pakshir K81
  65. Pourshams A10
  66. Rabiee N82
  67. Rafiei A83, 84
  68. Rawassizadeh R85
  69. Rezapour A19
  70. Saddik B86
  71. Moghaddam SS9
  72. Salamati P87
  73. Salem MR88
  74. Salem H89
  75. Samy AM90
  76. Sathian B91, 92
  77. Shahabi S93
  78. Shaikh MA94
  79. Shamsbeyranvand M95
  80. Shamsizadeh M96
  81. Sobhiyeh MR97
  82. Soheili A98
  83. Tehranibanihashemi A8, 99
  84. Waheed Y100
  85. Yusefzadeh H101
  86. Moghadam TZ102
  87. Zaki L103
  88. Zamani M104
  89. Zandian H102, 105
  90. Malekzadeh R10, 11
  91. Naghavi M106, 107
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
  4. 4. Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
  5. 5. Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
  6. 6. Hertfordshire Business School, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
  7. 7. Department of Epidemiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
  8. 8. Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  9. 9. Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  10. 10. Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  11. 11. Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  12. 12. Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
  13. 13. Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
  14. 14. Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
  15. 15. Population Health Research Section, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  16. 16. King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  17. 17. Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
  18. 18. British Columbia Injury Research Prevention Unit, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
  19. 19. Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  20. 20. Department of Health Economics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  21. 21. Department of Health Policy and Management, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
  22. 22. International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, National University of Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia
  23. 23. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
  24. 24. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
  25. 25. Health Human Resources Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  26. 26. Department of Community Medicine, Gandhi Medical College Bhopal, Bhopal, India
  27. 27. Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
  28. 28. Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
  29. 29. Department of Epidemiology, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
  30. 30. Centre for Global Child Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
  31. 31. Centre of Excellence in Women & Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
  32. 32. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
  33. 33. Environmental Health Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  34. 34. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
  35. 35. Department of Epidemiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  36. 36. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  37. 37. Neurophysiology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
  38. 38. Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
  39. 39. Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  40. 40. Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  41. 41. Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  42. 42. Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
  43. 43. Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
  44. 44. Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq
  45. 45. Department of Family and Community Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
  46. 46. School of Health and Environmental Studies, Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
  47. 47. Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
  48. 48. Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian, China
  49. 49. Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  50. 50. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  51. 51. Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
  52. 52. Department of Computer Science, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
  53. 53. College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
  54. 54. Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  55. 55. Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  56. 56. Institute for Prevention of Non-communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
  57. 57. Health Services Management Department, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
  58. 58. University of la Verne, La Verne, CA, United States
  59. 59. Department of Medicine, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
  60. 60. Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
  61. 61. Epidemiology Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
  62. 62. Department of Psychiatry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  63. 63. Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
  64. 64. Brain Engineering Research Center, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  65. 65. First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
  66. 66. Pathology Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  67. 67. Clinical Research Development Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  68. 68. School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  69. 69. School of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
  70. 70. Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  71. 71. Caspian Digestive Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  72. 72. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  73. 73. Forensic Medicine Division, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  74. 74. Internal Medicine Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  75. 75. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
  76. 76. National Institute of Health Research (NIHR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  77. 77. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
  78. 78. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
  79. 79. Department of Health Policy, Management, and Economics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  80. 80. Obesity Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  81. 81. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  82. 82. Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
  83. 83. Department of Immunology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
  84. 84. Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
  85. 85. Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
  86. 86. Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
  87. 87. Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  88. 88. Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
  89. 89. Urology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
  90. 90. Department of Entomology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
  91. 91. Department of Geriatrics and Long Term Care, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
  92. 92. Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, United Kingdom
  93. 93. Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  94. 94. Karachi, Pakistan
  95. 95. School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  96. 96. Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life, and Social Welfare, University of Boras, Boras, Sweden
  97. 97. Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  98. 98. Nursing Care Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
  99. 99. Department of Community and Family Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  100. 100. Foundation University Medical College, Foundation University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
  101. 101. Department of Health Care Management and Economics, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
  102. 102. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran
  103. 103. Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
  104. 104. Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
  105. 105. Department of Community Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran
  106. 106. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
  107. 107. Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States

Source: Archives of Iranian Medicine Published:2021


Abstract

Background: Transport-related injuries (TIs) are a substantial public health concern for all regions of the world. The present study quantified the burden of TIs and deaths in the Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR) in 2017 by sex and age. Methods: TIs and deaths were estimated by age, sex, country, and year using Cause of Death Ensemble modelling (CODEm) and DisMod-MR 2.1. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), which quantify the total burden of years lost due to premature death or disability, were also estimated per 100 000 population. All estimates were reported along with their corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Results: In 2017, there were 5.5 million (UI 4.9-6.2) transport-related incident cases in the EMR - a substantial increase from 1990 (2.8 million; UI 2.5-3.1). The age-standardized incidence rate for the EMR in 2017 was 787 (UI 705.5-876.2) per 100 000, which has not changed significantly since 1990 (-0.9%; UI -4.7 to 3). These rates differed remarkably between countries, such that Oman (1303.9; UI 1167.3-1441.5) and Palestine (486.5; UI 434.5-545.9) had the highest and lowest age-standardized incidence rates per 100 000, respectively. In 2017, there were 185.3 thousand (UI 170.8-200.6) transport-related fatalities in the EMR - a substantial increase since 1990 (140.4 thousand; UI 118.7-156.9). The age-standardized death rate for the EMR in 2017 was 29.5 (UI 27.1-31.9) per 100 000, which was 30.5% lower than that found in 1990 (42.5; UI 36.8-47.3). In 2017, Somalia (54; UI 30-77.4) and Lebanon (7.1; UI 4.8-8.6) had the highest and lowest age-standardized death rates per 100,000, respectively. The age-standardised DALY rate for the EMR in 2017 was 1,528.8 (UI 1412.5-1651.3) per 100 000, which was 34.4% lower than that found in 1990 (2,331.3; UI 1,993.1-2,589.9). In 2017, the highest DALY rate was found in Pakistan (3 454 121; UI 2 297 890- 4 342 908) and the lowest was found in Bahrain (8616; UI 7670-9751). Conclusion: The present study shows that while road traffic has become relatively safer (measured by deaths and DALYs per 100 000 population), the number of transport-related fatalities in the EMR is growing and needs to be addressed urgently. © 2021 Academy of Medical Sciences of I.R. Iran. All rights reserved.
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