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Association Between Gout and the Development of Parkinson’S Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher Pubmed



Fazlollahi A1 ; Zahmatyar M1 ; Alizadeh H2 ; Noori M3, 4 ; Jafari N5 ; Nejadghaderi SA6, 7 ; Sullman MJM8, 9 ; Gharagozli K10 ; Kolahi AA11 ; Safiri S12, 13
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  2. 2. School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  6. 6. Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  7. 7. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
  9. 9. Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
  10. 10. Brain Mapping Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  11. 11. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  12. 12. Neurosciences Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  13. 13. Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Source: BMC Neurology Published:2022


Abstract

Background: As a natural antioxidant, uric acid plays a protective role against neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). Therefore, the risk of PD has been found to be lower in people with hyperuricemia. In this article, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate whether gout affects the future risk of developing PD. Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, the Web of Science, and Google Scholar to find relevant studies, up to March 16, 2022. Studies investigating the risk of PD, following a gout diagnosis, were included if they were cross-sectional, case–control or cohort studies. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) checklist was used to assess the quality of all included studies. The meta-analysis was performed using STATA 17.0. Results: Ten studies were included, which were comprised of three case-controls, six cohort studies and one nested case–control study. We found no significant association between gout and the risk of PD among both sexes (RR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.86–1.04), although the association was significant for females (RR = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.02–1.17). Subgroup analysis also showed no significant findings by age group, whether they were receiving treatment for gout, study design, quality assessment score, and method of gout ascertainment. In contrast, the studies that defined PD according to the use of drugs showed significant results (RR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.76–0.89). There was a significant publication bias on the association between gout and PD. Conclusions: The presence of gout had no significant effect on the risk of subsequently developing PD. Further analyses are recommended to investigate the effects of demographic and behavioral risk factors. © 2022, The Author(s).
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