The Radioprotective Effect of Metformin Against Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Induced by Ionizing Radiation in Cultured Human Blood Lymphocytes

The Radioprotective Effect of Metformin Against Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Induced by Ionizing Radiation in Cultured Human Blood Lymphocytes Publisher Pubmed

Cheki M¹ ; Shirazi A¹ ; Mahmoudzadeh A² ; Bazzaz JT³ ; Hosseinimehr SJ⁴

Show Affiliations

1. Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Tehran, Iran
2. Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Malek-Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
3. Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Tehran, Iran
4. Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

Source: Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis Published:2016

Abstract

Metformin is a widely prescribed drug used in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes. In this study, the radioprotective effect of metformin was investigated against cytotoxicity and genotoxicity induced by ionizing radiation (IR) in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Human lymphocytes were treated with metformin at concentrations 10 and 50 μM for 2 h and irradiated with 6 MV X-rays. The radiation antagonistic potential of metformin was assessed by MTT [3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiaozolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H tetrazolium bromide] assay, chromosomal aberration (CA) analysis, cytokinesis blocked micronucleus (CBMN) assay, and flow cytometry. Observations demonstrated a radiation-dose-dependent decrease in the percentage of cell viability after 24 h. It was found that pretreatment with metformin (10 and 50 μM) increased the percentage of cell viability. A highly significant dose modifying factor (DMF) 1.35 and 1.42 was observed for 10 and 50 μM metformin, respectively. Metformin (10 and 50 μM) pretreatment significantly decreased the frequency of dicentrics (DCs), acentric fragments (AFs), rings (RIs), micronuclei (MN), and nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs) in irradiated human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Also, treatment with metformin (10 and 50 μM) without irradiation did not increase the number of MN, NPBs, DCs, AFs, RIs, and did not show a cytostatic effect in the human peripheral blood lymphocytes. On the other hand, metformin treatment (10 and 50 μM) 2 h prior to irradiation significantly reduced X-radiation-induced apoptotic incidence in human lymphocytes. The present study demonstrates metformin to be an effective radioprotector against DNA damage and apoptosis induced by IR in human lymphocytes. These data have an important application for the protection of lymphocytes from the genetic damage and side-effects induced by radiotherapy in cancer patients. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.

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Style	Citing Format
MLA	Cheki M, et al.. "The Radioprotective Effect of Metformin Against Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Induced by Ionizing Radiation in Cultured Human Blood Lymphocytes." Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, vol. 809, no. , 2016, pp. 24-32.
APA	Cheki M, Shirazi A, Mahmoudzadeh A, Bazzaz JT, Hosseinimehr SJ (2016). The Radioprotective Effect of Metformin Against Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Induced by Ionizing Radiation in Cultured Human Blood Lymphocytes. Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 809(), 24-32.
Chicago	Cheki M, Shirazi A, Mahmoudzadeh A, Bazzaz JT, Hosseinimehr SJ. "The Radioprotective Effect of Metformin Against Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Induced by Ionizing Radiation in Cultured Human Blood Lymphocytes." Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 809, no. (2016): 24-32.
Harvard	Cheki M et al. (2016) 'The Radioprotective Effect of Metformin Against Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Induced by Ionizing Radiation in Cultured Human Blood Lymphocytes', Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 809(), pp. 24-32.
Vancouver	Cheki M, Shirazi A, Mahmoudzadeh A, Bazzaz JT, Hosseinimehr SJ. The Radioprotective Effect of Metformin Against Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Induced by Ionizing Radiation in Cultured Human Blood Lymphocytes. Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis. 2016;809():24-32.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Cheki M and Shirazi A and Mahmoudzadeh A and Bazzaz JT and Hosseinimehr SJ}, title = {The Radioprotective Effect of Metformin Against Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Induced by Ionizing Radiation in Cultured Human Blood Lymphocytes}, journal = {Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis}, volume = {809}, number = {}, pages = {24-32}, year = {2016} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Cheki M AU - Shirazi A AU - Mahmoudzadeh A AU - Bazzaz JT AU - Hosseinimehr SJ TI - The Radioprotective Effect of Metformin Against Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Induced by Ionizing Radiation in Cultured Human Blood Lymphocytes JO - Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis VL - 809 IS - SP - 24 EP - 32 PY - 2016 ER -

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