Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Science Communicator Platform

Stay connected! Follow us on X network (Twitter):
Share this content! On (X network) By
Metformin: Prevention of Genomic Instability and Cancer: A Review Publisher Pubmed



Najafi M1 ; Cheki M2 ; Rezapoor S3 ; Geraily G4 ; Motevaseli E5 ; Carnovale C6 ; Clementi E7, 8 ; Shirazi A4
Authors
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco University Hospital, Universita di Milano, Milan, Italy
  7. 7. Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
  8. 8. Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience, L. Sacco University Hospital, Universita di Milano, Milan, Italy

Source: Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis Published:2018


Abstract

The diabetes drug metformin can mitigate the genotoxic effects of cytotoxic agents and has been proposed to prevent or even cure certain cancers. Metformin reduces DNA damage by mechanisms that are only incompletely understood. Metformin scavenges free radicals, including reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide, which are produced by genotoxicants such as ionizing or non-ionizing radiation, heavy metals, and chemotherapeutic agents. The drug may also increase the activities of antioxidant enzymes and inhibit NADPH oxidase, cyclooxygenase-2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase, thereby limiting macrophage recruitment and inflammatory responses. Metformin stimulates the DNA damage response (DDR) in the homologous end-joining, homologous recombination, and nucleotide excision repair pathways. This review focuses on the protective properties of metformin against genomic instability. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
Related Docs
View other Related Docs
1. The Radioprotective Effect of Metformin Against Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Induced by Ionizing Radiation in Cultured Human Blood Lymphocytes, Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis (2016)
2. Metformin Attenuates Cisplatin-Induced Genotoxicity and Apoptosis in Rat Bone Marrow Cells, Drug and Chemical Toxicology (2021)
3. The Anti-Apoptotic Mechanism of Metformin Against Apoptosis Induced by Ionizing Radiation in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells, Klinicka Onkologie (2017)
4. Metformin As a Radiation Modifier; Implications to Normal Tissue Protection and Tumor Sensitization, Current Clinical Pharmacology (2019)
5. Reduction–Oxidation (Redox) System in Radiation-Induced Normal Tissue Injury: Molecular Mechanisms and Implications in Radiation Therapeutics, Clinical and Translational Oncology (2018)
6. Intercellular Communications-Redox Interactions in Radiation Toxicity; Potential Targets for Radiation Mitigation, Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling (2019)
7. Mechanisms of Inflammatory Responses to Radiation and Normal Tissues Toxicity: Clinical Implications, International Journal of Radiation Biology (2018)
8. Melatonin and Cancer: From the Promotion of Genomic Stability to Use in Cancer Treatment, Journal of Cellular Physiology (2019)
Experts (# of related papers)
View all Related Experts
Elahe Motevaseli (17)
Hana Saffar (5)
Other Related Docs
9. Radiation Protection and Mitigation by Natural Antioxidants and Flavonoids: Implications to Radiotherapy and Radiation Disasters, Current Molecular Pharmacology (2018)
10. Co-Treatment With Sulforaphane and Nano-Metformin Molecules Accelerates Apoptosis in Her2+ Breast Cancer Cells by Inhibiting Key Molecules, Nutrition and Cancer (2020)
11. Nadph Oxidase As a Target for Modulation of Radiation Response; Implications to Carcinogenesis and Radiotherapy, Current Molecular Pharmacology (2019)
12. Metformin and Long Non-Coding Rnas in Breast Cancer, Journal of Translational Medicine (2023)
13. Metformin Protects Against Radiation-Induced Heart Injury and Attenuates the Upregulation of Dual Oxidase Genes Following Rat's Chest Irradiation, International Journal of Molecular and Cellular Medicine (2018)
14. Effect of Metformin on Germ Cell-Specific Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress and Epididymal Sperm Quality After Testicular Torsion/Detorsion in Rats, Andrologia (2018)
15. Cox-2 in Radiotherapy: A Potential Target for Radioprotection and Radiosensitization, Current Molecular Pharmacology (2018)
16. The Potential Therapeutic Impact of Metformin in Glioblastoma Multiforme, Current Medicinal Chemistry (2023)
17. Mechanisms for Radioprotection by Melatonin; Can It Be Used As a Radiation Countermeasure?, Current Molecular Pharmacology (2019)
18. Metformin for Cardiovascular Protection, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Osteoporosis, Periodontitis, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Neurodegeneration, Cancer, Inflammation and Senescence: What Is Next?, ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science (2021)
19. Metformin Protects Against Radiation-Induced Pneumonitis and Fibrosis and Attenuates Upregulation of Dual Oxidase Genes Expression, Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin (2018)
20. Targeting of Inflammation for Radiation Protection and Mitigation, Current Molecular Pharmacology (2018)
21. Effect of Metformin and Celecoxib on Cytotoxicity and Release of Gdf-15 From Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in High Glucose Condition, Cell Biochemistry and Function (2017)
22. Radiation-Induced Inflammation and Autoimmune Diseases, Military Medical Research (2018)
23. The Radioprotective Effect of Combination of Melatonin and Metformin on Rat Duodenum Damage Induced by Ionizing Radiation: A Histological Study, Advanced Biomedical Research (2019)
24. Impact of Metformin on the Therapeutic Effect of Radiotherapy, Radiation Medicine and Protection (2021)
25. Evaluating the Expression of Nox2 and Nox4 Signaling Pathways in Rats' Lung Tissues Following Local Chest Irradiation; Modulatory Effect of Melatonin, International Journal of Molecular and Cellular Medicine (2018)
26. Metformin Protects the Rat Small Intestine Against Radiation Enteritis, Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products (2019)
27. Mitigation of Radiation-Induced Hematopoietic System Injury by Melatonin, Environmental Toxicology (2020)
28. The Effect of Metformin on Biomarkers Associated With Breast Cancer Outcomes: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Dose–Response of Randomized Clinical Trials, Clinical and Translational Oncology (2020)
29. Modulation of Radiation-Induced Nadph Oxidases in Rat’S Heart Tissues by Melatonin, Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering (2021)
30. Targeting of Cellular Redox Metabolism for Mitigation of Radiation Injury, Life Sciences (2020)
31. Curcumin As an Anti-Inflammatory Agent: Implications to Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Journal of Cellular Physiology (2019)
32. Synergistic Anticancer Effects of Doxorubicin and Metformin Combination Therapy: A Systematic Review, Translational Oncology (2024)
33. Evaluating Radioprotection of Rat’S Jejunum by a Combination of Melatonin and Metformin, Letters in Drug Design and Discovery (2020)
34. Melatonin As an Adjuvant in Radiotherapy for Radioprotection and Radiosensitization, Clinical and Translational Oncology (2019)
35. Metformin Synergistically Increases the Anticancer Effects of Lapatinib Through Induction of Apoptosis and Modulation of Akt/Ampk Pathway in Sk-Br3 Breast Cancer Cell Line, Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences (2021)
36. Regulation of Cell Death Mechanisms by Melatonin: Implications in Cancer Therapy, Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (2022)
37. Protective Effect of Metformin, Resveratrol and Alpha-Lipoic Acid on Radiation-Induced Pneumonitis and Fibrosis: A Histopathological Study, Current Drug Research Reviews (2019)
38. Mitigation of Radiation-Induced Lung Pneumonitis and Fibrosis Using Metformin and Melatonin: A Histopathological Study, Medicina (Lithuania) (2019)
39. The Effect of Metformin on Expression of Long Non-Coding Rna H19 in Endometrial Cancer, Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran (2021)
40. Targeting the Metabolism of Cancer Stem Cells by Energy Disruptor Molecules, Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology (2022)
41. Melatonin Modulates Regulation of Nox2 and Nox4 Following Irradiation in the Lung, Current Clinical Pharmacology (2019)
42. Mechanisms of Radiation Bystander and Non-Targeted Effects: Implications to Radiation Carcinogenesis and Radiotherapy, Current Radiopharmaceuticals (2018)
43. The Photomodulation Activity of Metformin Against Oral Microbiome, Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences (2019)
44. Resveratrol in Cancer Therapy: From Stimulation of Genomic Stability to Adjuvant Cancer Therapy: A Comprehensive Review, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry (2023)
45. Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: Evidence for Shared Disease Pathways and Pharmacologic Prevention, Atherosclerosis (2017)
46. The Induction of Metformin Inhibitory Effects on Tumor Cell Growth in Hypoxic Condition, Iranian Journal of Allergy# Asthma and Immunology (2015)
47. The Effect of Melatonin on Superoxide Dismutase and Glutathione Peroxidase Activity, and Malondialdehyde Levels in the Targeted and the Non-Targeted Lung and Heart Tissues After Irradiation in Xenograft Mice Colon Cancer, Current Molecular Pharmacology (2018)
48. Metformin Had Potential to Increase Endocan Levels in Stz-Induced Diabetic Mice, Pharmaceutical Sciences (2020)
49. Protective Effect of Selenium-L-Methionine on Radiation-Induced Acute Pneumonitis and Lung Fibrosis in Rat, Current Clinical Pharmacology (2019)
50. Resveratrol As an Adjuvant for Normal Tissues Protection and Tumor Sensitization, Current Cancer Drug Targets (2020)