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Exploring Different Photosensitizers to Optimize Elimination of Planktonic and Biofilm Forms of Enterococcus Faecalis From Infected Root Canal During Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Publisher Pubmed



Pourhajibagher M1 ; Kazemian H2, 3 ; Chiniforush N4 ; Hosseini N5 ; Pourakbari B6 ; Azizollahi A7 ; Rezaei F8 ; Bahador A9
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Laser Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
  9. 9. Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Published:2018


Abstract

Background: Despite the high success rate of endodontic treatment, failure may occur in some cases. In this case, Enterococcus faecalis is the most common species in endodontic treatment failure and post-treatment apical periodontitis. Therefore, a new adjunctive strategy is needed for the prevention of endodontic infections due to E. faecalis. The aim of the present study was to compare the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities of different common photosensitizers (PSs) for use in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) against E. faecalis. Materials and methods: E. faecalis strain ATCC 29212 was used as the tested strain and methylene blue (MB), toluidine blue O (TBO), indocyanine green (ICG), and curcumin (CUR) were used as PSs. Irradiation was carried out using diode laser and light emitting diode (LED) at wavelengths related to the above PSs. Then, antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities were measured using the microbial viability assay and crystal violet test, respectively. Results: aPDT with using the above PSs significantly decreased the CFU/mL count of E. faecalis compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The killing percentage of E. faecalis via PS mediated aPDT was 99.6%, 98.2%, 85.1%, and 65.0% for CUR, ICG, TBO, and MB, respectively. aPDT using the above PSs significantly decreased the biofilm formation ability of E. faecalis compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The biofilm reduction percentage of the PSs was 68.4%, 62.9%, 59.0%, and 47.6% for CUR, ICG, TBO, and MB, respectively. Conclusion: CUR and ICG mediated aPDT exhibited considerably more antimicrobial activity than other PSs, while TBO and MB demonstrated weaker anti-biofilm effects against E. faecalis compared to other PSs. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
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