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The Role of Oncolytic Virotherapy and Viral Oncogenes in the Cancer Stem Cells: A Review of Virus in Cancer Stem Cells Publisher



Faghihkhorasani A1 ; Dalvand A2 ; Derafsh E3 ; Tavakoli F4 ; Younis NK5 ; Yasamineh S6 ; Gholizadeh O7 ; Shokri P8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Basic Medical Science, Windsor University School of Medicine, Brighton’s Estate, Cayton, Saint Kitts and Nevis
  4. 4. Nephrology and Transplantation Ward, Shariati Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Pharmacy, Al-Noor University College, Nineveh, Iraq
  6. 6. Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
  7. 7. Azad Researchers, Viro-Biotech, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Medical Science, Faculty of Medical Science, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran

Source: Cancer Cell International Published:2023


Abstract

Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) are the main “seeds” for the initiation, growth, metastasis, and recurrence of tumors. According to many studies, several viral infections, including the human papillomaviruses, hepatitis B virus, Epstein–Barr virus, and hepatitis C virus, promote the aggressiveness of cancer by encouraging the development of CSC features. Therefore, a better method for the targeted elimination of CSCs and knowledge of their regulatory mechanisms in human carcinogenesis may lead to the development of a future tool for the management and treatment of cancer. Oncolytic viruses (OVs), which include the herpes virus, adenovirus, vaccinia, and reovirus, are also a new class of cancer therapeutics that have favorable properties such as selective replication in tumor cells, delivery of numerous eukaryotic transgene payloads, induction of immunogenic cell death and promotion of antitumor immunity, as well as a tolerable safety profile that essentially differs from that of other cancer therapeutics. The effects of viral infection on the development of CSCs and the suppression of CSCs by OV therapy were examined in this paper. The purpose of this review is to investigate the dual role of viruses in CSCs (oncolytic virotherapy and viral oncogenes). Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2023, BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.
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