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Therapeutic Efficacy of Oncolytic Viruses in Fighting Cancer: Recent Advances and Perspective Publisher Pubmed



Garmaroudi GA1 ; Karimi F2 ; Naeini LG3 ; Kokabian P4 ; Givtaj N5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
  3. 3. School of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
  4. 4. School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran

Source: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity Published:2022


Abstract

Immunotherapy is at the cutting edge of modern cancer treatment. Innovative medicines have been developed with varying degrees of success that target all aspects of tumor biology: tumors, niches, and the immune system. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are a novel and potentially immunotherapeutic approach for cancer treatment. OVs reproduce exclusively in cancer cells, causing the tumor mass to lyse. OVs can also activate the immune system in addition to their primary activity. Tumors create an immunosuppressive environment by suppressing the immune system's ability to respond to tumor cells. By injecting OVs into the tumor, the immune system is stimulated, allowing it to generate a robust and long-lasting response against the tumor. The essential biological properties of oncolytic viruses, as well as the underlying mechanisms that enable their usage as prospective anticancer medicines, are outlined in this review. We also discuss the increased efficacy of virotherapy when combined with other cancer medications. © 2022 Ghazal Asadi Garmaroudi et al.
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