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Cardioprotective Effect of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Melissa Officinalis L Against Regional Ischemia-Induced Arrhythmia and Heart Injury After Five Days of Reperfusion in Rats Publisher



Sedighi M1, 2 ; Faghihi M3 ; Rafieiankopaei M4 ; Rasoulian B5 ; Nazari A5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
  2. 2. Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Rahimi Hospital, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khoramabad, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
  5. 5. Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center and Department of Physiology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran

Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Published:2019


Abstract

Melissa officinalis has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and is used in various diseases. Aim of the study: We investigated the role of M. officinalis extract (MOE) against ischemia-induced arrhythmia and heart injury after five days of reperfusion in an in-vivo rat model of regional heart ischemia. The leaf extract of M. officinalis was standardized through HPLC analysis. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 32) were subjected to 30 min of ischemia by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery followed by 5 days of reperfusion. The rats (n = 8 in each group) were randomized to receive vehicle or M. officinalis as follows: group I served as saline control with ischemia, groups II, III and IV received different doses of MOE-(25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively), by oral gavage daily for 14 days prior to ischemia. Administration of M. officinalis significantly improved ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced myocardial dysfunction by reduction of infarct size, also, during the ischemic period, ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular ectopic beats episodes decreased as compared with that of the control group. Stabilized ST segment changes and QTc shortening increased the R and T wave amplitudes and the heart rate during ischemia. The extract also caused significant elevations in serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity as well as a significant decrease in serum cardiac troponin I (CTnI), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, 5 days after reperfusion. MOE-100mg/kg was the effective dose. Cinamic acid (21.81 ± 1.26 mg/gr) was the main phenolic compound of plant sample. The ethanol extract of M. officinalis was observed to exhibit cardioprotective effects against I/R injury, probably due to antioxidant properties. The results indicate that MOE has antioxidant and cardio-protective effects against ischemia-induced arrhythmias and ischemia-reperfusion induced injury as was reflected by reduction of infarct size and cardiac injury biomarkers. These data support the potential uses of M. officinalis in the treatment of heart ischemia-reperfusion disorders and even developing new anti-arrhythmias drugs after further investigations. © 2019, Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. All rights reserved.