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Evaluation of the Antibacterial Efficacy of Various Root Canal Disinfection Methods Against Enterococcus Faecalis Biofilm. an Ex-Vivo Study Publisher Pubmed



Ghorbanzadeh A1 ; Fekrazad R2, 3 ; Bahador A4 ; Ayar R5 ; Tabatabai S5 ; Asefi S6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Endodontic Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty – Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Microbiology Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Private Practice, Iran
  6. 6. Orthodontic Department, International Campus, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Published:2018


Abstract

Background: Complete elimination of bacteria and their by-products from the root canal system is very difficult with current techniques. The purpose of this study was to compare the antibacterial efficacy of different disinfection protocols against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) biofilms. Methods: Seventy-six extracted single-rooted human teeth were selected. Root canal preparation was done by proTaper rotary instruments. The smear layer was removed by 17% EDTA, followed by 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. After sterilization using gamma irradiation, sterilized specimens were inoculated with an E. faecalis suspension, incubated for 4 days and 4 weeks and then randomly divided into two experimental groups (4 days, 4 weeks old biofilms). After the confirmation of biofilm formation with SEM, the specimens in the experimental groups were randomly divided into five experimental subgroups according to the method of disinfection applied, which included: Diode laser irradiation (810 nm, 2 W), Light activated disinfection (LAD) with Indocyanine Green, 0.2% Chlorhexidine gluconate (0.2% CHX), 0.2% CHX + LAD and 0.2% CHX + Diode groups. Results: Complete biofilm bacterial elimination was not observed in either of the experimental groups. CHX + LAD (0.2%) method exhibited the highest reduction value in biofilm and only Diode alone revealed the lowest in all the root canal portions. Disinfection protocols also showed significantly lower antibacterial efficacy against 4-week old than the 4-day old matured biofilms (P < 0.05). Conclusion: All the evaluated methods in this study were effective in the relative elimination of the E. faecalis biofilms except diode laser alone. Nevertheless, 0.2% CHX + LAD exhibited significantly higher efficacy in reducing both 4-day and 4-week old biofilms. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
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