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Tumor-Promoting Myeloid Cells in the Pathogenesis of Human Oncoviruses: Potential Targets for Immunotherapy Publisher



Aghamajidi A1 ; Farhangnia P1 ; Pashangzadeh S2 ; Damavandi AR3, 4 ; Jafari R5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Students’ Scientific Research Center, Exceptional Talents Development Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

Source: Cancer Cell International Published:2022


Abstract

Oncoviruses, known as cancer-causing viruses, are typically involved in cancer progression by inhibiting tumor suppressor pathways and uncontrolled cell division. Myeloid cells are the most frequent populations recruited to the tumor microenvironment (TME) and play a critical role in cancer development and metastasis of malignant tumors. Tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated dendritic cells (TADCs), and tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) exert different states from anti-tumorigenic to pro-tumorigenic phenotypes in TME. Although their role in the anti-tumorigenic state is well introduced, their opposing roles, pro-tumorigenic activities, such as anti-inflammatory cytokine and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, should not be ignored since they result in inflammation, tumor progression, angiogenesis, and evasion. Since the blockade of these cells had promising results against cancer progression, their inhibition might be helpful in various cancer immunotherapies. This review highlights the promoting role of tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs) in the pathophysiology of human virus tumorigenesis. © 2022, The Author(s).
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