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Harnessing the Power of Exosomes for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Hematological Malignancies Publisher Pubmed



Mohseni A1 ; Salehi F1 ; Rostami S2 ; Hadiloo K2 ; Hashemi M3 ; Baridjavadi Z4 ; Ahangari F5 ; Karami N6 ; Samani F7 ; Tahmasebi S8 ; Farahani N3 ; Taheriazam A9
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
  2. 2. School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
  3. 3. Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institue of Iran, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in transfusion medicine, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization (IBTO), Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Student Research Committee, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Source: Stem Cell Research and Therapy Published:2025


Abstract

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin released by various cell types. They consist of lipid bilayers containing macromolecules such as lipids, proteins, microRNAs, growth factors, cytokines, and carbohydrates. Exosomes play a critical role in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. For instance, exosome contents have been utilized as biomarkers in body fluids (urine, saliva, serum) to identify cancers, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory conditions such as sepsis. Due to their small size and ability to reach tumor microenvironments, exosomes are also used as carriers for chemotherapeutic drugs in drug delivery systems. Furthermore, evidence indicates that malignant cells release exosomes into the tumor microenvironment, influencing immune cells in a paracrine manner. Additionally, immune cell-derived exosomes, such as those from Natural Killer (NK) cells or cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), show potential as therapeutic agents in treating malignancies like leukemia. This review discusses the diagnostic role of exosomes in various hematological malignancies and explores the therapeutic potential of immune cell-derived exosomes in these diseases. © The Author(s) 2024.
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