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White Matter Correlates of Cognition: A Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study Publisher Pubmed



Parsaei M1 ; Barahman G2 ; Roumiani PH3 ; Ranjbar E4 ; Ansari S5 ; Najafi A4 ; Karimi H4 ; Aarabi MH6, 7 ; Moghaddam HS8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Maternal, Fetal & Neonatal Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. School of Medicine, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan
  4. 4. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Psychosomatic Medicine Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
  7. 7. Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
  8. 8. Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Behavioural Brain Research Published:2025


Abstract

Background: Our comprehension of the interplay of cognition and the brain remains constrained. While functional imaging studies have identified cognitive brain regions, structural correlates of cognitive functions remain underexplored. Advanced methods like Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DMRI) facilitate the exploration of brain connectivity and White Matter (WM) tract microstructure. Therefore, we conducted connectometry method on DMRI data, to reveal WM tracts associated with cognition. Methods: 125 healthy participants from the National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Healthy Volunteer Dataset were recruited. Multiple regression analyses were conducted between DMRI-derived Quantitative Anisotropy (QA) values within WM tracts and scores of participants in Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test (attention), Dimensional Change Card Sort (executive function), Picture Sequence Memory Test (episodic memory), and List Sorting Working Memory Test (working memory) tasks from National Institute of Health toolbox. The significance level was set at False Discovery Rate (FDR)<0.05. Results: We identified significant positive correlations between the QA of WM tracts within the left cerebellum and bilateral fornix with attention, executive functioning, and episodic memory (FDR=0.018, 0.0002, and 0.0002, respectively), and a negative correlation between QA of WM tracts within bilateral cerebellum with attention (FDR=0.028). Working memory demonstrated positive correlations with QA of left inferior longitudinal and left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculi (FDR=0.0009), while it showed a negative correlation with QA of right cerebellar tracts (FDR=0.0005). Conclusion: Our results underscore the intricate link between cognitive performance and WM integrity in frontal, temporal, and cerebellar regions, offering insights into early detection and targeted interventions for cognitive disorders. © 2024
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