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Unveiling the Genotypic Diversity of Candida Albicans and Candida Dubliniensis in the Oral Cavities of Drug Abusers in Ahvaz, Iran Publisher



Ghojoghi A1, 2 ; Zarei Mahmoudabadi A1, 3 ; Khodavaisy S4, 5 ; Nazar E6 ; Fatahinia M1, 2
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  2. 2. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  3. 3. Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Research Center for Antibiotic Stewardship and Antimicrobial Resistance, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

Source: Gene Reports Published:2024


Abstract

Candida albicans is a diploid yeast that, under certain conditions, can cause oral or oropharyngeal infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Recent molecular investigations have classified genotypes A, B, and C for Candida albicans, along with genotype D for Candida dubliniensis. This study aimed to identify the different genotypes of the C. albicans complex in drug abusers in Iran. Oral swabs were collected from drug abusers and cultured on CHROMagar Candida. A 21-plex PCR method was employed for the detection of isolates, and the Candida 25S rDNA gene was amplified using primer pairs CA-INT-L and CA-INT-R for ABC genotyping of C. albicans. Out of the 245 substance abusers screened, 151 individuals (61.63 %) were found to harbor the C. albicans complex. The most common genotype among patients was genotype D (39.1 %), followed by genotype A (31.12 %), genotype B (9.93 %), and genotype C (5.29 %). Additionally, 14.56 % of patients had a mixed genotype. Notably, significant differences in genotype distribution were observed in relation to age, underlying diseases, and marital status (P < 0.05). This study highlights the significance of molecular genotyping in understanding the epidemiology of C. albicans and C. dubliniensis in at-risk groups. © 2024 Elsevier Inc.
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Sadegh Khodavaisy (3)
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