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Cytotoxicity and Antibacterial Activity of Toothpastes and Mouthwashes Available in the Iranian Market Publisher



Shahidi Z1 ; Tavakol Davani S2 ; Noori F3 ; Hasani Tabatabaei M1 ; Sodeif F4 ; Etemadi A4, 5 ; Chiniforush N6 ; Moradi Z1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Dental Implant Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Frontiers in Dentistry Published:2021


Abstract

Objectives: Toothpastes and mouthwashes contain chemicals that may be harmful to oral tissues. This study assessed the cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of toothpastes and compare the Iranian and foreign toothpastes and mouthwashes available in the Iranian market in this respect. Materials and Methods: Twenty samples (13 toothpastes and 4 mouthwashes) were selected. The cytotoxicity of 1, 10, and 50 mg/mL of toothpastes and 0.05, 2 and 10 µL of mouthwashes was measured after 1, 15 and 30 min of exposure to human gingival fibroblasts, each in triplicate. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used for cytotoxicity testing. The serial dilution method was utilized to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each sample against Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) and Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). Two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test were used for data analysis. Results: A significant difference in cytotoxicity was noted among different products (P=0.00). The difference in cytotoxicity of each sample was not significant at 1, 15 and 30 min (P=0.08). The obtained MIC for all toothpastes and mouthwashes was between 0.0039 mg/mL and 0.0156 mg/mL, except for Sensodyne toothpaste and Oral B mouthwash. Conclusion: Some brands of toothpastes have higher cytotoxicity due to their composition, and their cytotoxicity should not be overlooked. The antibacterial activity of the samples was almost equal when they were in contact with L. acidophilus and S. mutans except for the Irsha mouthwash, Sehat, Darugar and Bath toothpastes. The antibacterial effect of toothpastes and mouthwashes increased with an increase in exposure time. © 2021 The Authors. Published by Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
Related Docs
1. Cytotoxicity of the Ingredients of Commonly Used Toothpastes and Mouthwashes on Human Gingival Fibroblasts, Frontiers in Dentistry (2019)
2. Dental Settings and Toxic Agents, Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9 (2023)
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