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The Effect of Photodynamic Therapy on Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines Using Spirulina Platensis With Different Laser Energy Densities Publisher Pubmed



Saberi S1 ; Khoobi M2, 3 ; Alaeddini M4 ; Etemadmoghadam S4 ; Jamshidloo R5 ; Mohammadpour H4 ; Shahabi S1, 6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Biomaterials Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1417614411, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Management, Hidaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hidaj, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Published:2022


Abstract

Background: Considering the anti-cancer properties of spirulina platensis (S. platensis), we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of this algae as a novel natural photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT) against oral and hypopharyngeal cancer cells. The appropriate laser energy density to apply during PDT was also determined. Methods and Materials: CAL-27, FaDu and HGF cell lines were exposed to S. platensis with concentrations of 0.3 g/l and 0.6 g/l and were irradiated with 635 nm diode laser using 2, 4, 12, and 24 J/cm2 energy densities with constant power. MTT assay was performed to investigate cell viability and cytotoxicity after 24 h. The results were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests (P-value<0.05). Results: survival rate in CAL-27 (P-Value<0.001) and FaDu (P-Value<0.001) cell lines were significantly different following irradiation with various laser energy densities. Different concentrations of S. platensis had no significant effect on the viability of CAL-27 cells (P-Value=0.158) and FaDu cells (P-Value=0.072) and showed no significant cytotoxicity against HGF cells, with or without laser. Conclusion: S. platensis could be considered as a novel safe and effective natural photosensitizer for cancer PDT with no cytotoxic effect on normal cells. When combined with laser using appropriate energy densities, it has the ability to induce death in oral and hypopharyngeal cancer cell lines. © 2021