The Effects of Vitamin D and Omega-3 Co-Supplementation on Lipid Profile in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher



Zamani M¹ ; Sohrabi Z² ; Aghakhani L³ ; Leilami K³ ; Nosratabadi S⁴ ; Namkhah Z⁵ ; Clark C⁶ ; Haghighat N⁷ ; Asbaghi O⁸ ; Fathi F⁹ Show Affiliations
Source: Nutrition and Food Science Published:2024

Abstract

Purpose: Previous research indicates that vitamin D and omega-3 co-supplementation may benefit overall health, but current evidence regarding its effects on lipid profile remains unclear. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of vitamin D and omega-3 co-supplementation on lipid profile (total cholesterol [TC], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], triglyceride [TG] and high-density lipoprotein [HDL]) in adults. Design/methodology/approach: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, relevant studies were obtained by searching the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases (from inception to January 2022). Weighted mean differences and 95% confidence intervals were estimated via a random-effects model. Heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis and publication bias were reported using standard methods. Findings: Pooled analysis of six randomized controlled trials (RCTs) revealed that vitamin D and omega-3 co-supplementation yielded significant reductions in TG (p = 0.631). A pooled analysis of five trials indicated a significant association between omega-3 and vitamin D treatment and reductions in TC (p = 0.001) and LDL (p = 0.001). Although, pooled analyses of omega-3 and vitamin D did not significantly affect HDL. Originality/value: The findings suggest that vitamin D and omega-3 co-supplementation lowers TG, TC and LDL in adults. Future, large-scale, RCTs on various populations are needed to elucidate further beneficial effects of vitamin D and omega-3 co-supplementation on lipid profile and establish guidelines for clinical practice. © 2024, Emerald Publishing Limited.