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Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Cardiac-Metabolic Risk Factors in Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials Publisher



Qorbani M1, 2 ; Zarei M11 ; Moradi Y4, 5 ; Appannah G3 ; Djalainia S6 ; Pourrostami K1 ; Ejtahed HS7 ; Mahdavigorabi A8 ; Naderali EK9 ; Khazdouz M10
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  2. 2. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Serdang, Malaysia
  4. 4. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
  6. 6. Development of Research & Technology Center, Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Health Sciences, Liverpool Hope University, Hope Park, United Kingdom
  10. 10. Growth and Development Research Center, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  11. 11. Department of Nutrition Community, Deputy of Health affairs, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran

Source: Diabetology and Metabolic Syndrome Published:2022


Abstract

Background: There has been a longstanding interest in the potential effect of vitamin D in preventing cardiac-metabolic diseases. However, there are divergent results regarding the impact of vitamin D supplementation (VDS) on managing cardiac-metabolic outcomes in the elderly population. Material and method: We systematically searched electronic databases; Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane, and ProQuest. We included all trials that evaluated the effect of VDS on cardiac-metabolic risk factors in the elderly population, which were published until 30 September 2021. The effects of VDS on cardiac-metabolic outcomes were assessed using standardized mean difference (SMD). A random-effect model was used to pool the SMD and 95% confidence interval (CI). Result: The literature search identified 4409 studies, of which 12 trials met inclusion criteria. Results of random effect meta-analysis indicated a significant reduction in total cholesterol (TC) (SMD: − 0.14 mg/dl; 95% CI: − 0.25, − 0.02) and triglyceride (TG) (SMD: − 0.45 mg/dl; 95% CI: − 0.86, − 0.04) with VDS compared to the placebo. The subgroup analyses revealed that the reduction of TG in patients with diabetes and vitamin D deficiency was significant. Furthermore, short-term intervention (≤ 6 months) induced a significantly lower level of TG and insulin in comparison to longer duration (> 6 months). Conclusion: The study suggests that VDS could improve insulin concentration and dyslipidemia in the elderly population. The systematic review was registered in Alborz university of medical sciences with 2060-01-03-1397 number and the Ethics council IR.ABZUMS.REC.1397.207 number. © 2022, The Author(s).
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