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Regulatory T Cells in Breast Cancer As a Potent Anti-Cancer Therapeutic Target Publisher Pubmed



Hashemi V1, 2, 3 ; Maleki LA4 ; Esmaily M5 ; Masjedi A4 ; Ghalamfarsa G6 ; Namdar A7 ; Yousefi M8 ; Yousefi B4 ; Jadidiniaragh F4, 9
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
  3. 3. Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  4. 4. Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
  7. 7. Katz Group Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
  8. 8. Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Source: International Immunopharmacology Published:2020


Abstract

Despite marked advances in treatment approaches, breast cancer is still going to be more prevalent, worldwide. High levels of regulatory T (Treg) cells have repeatedly been demonstrated in circulation, lymph nodes, and tumor samples from patients with various cancer types. The transcription factor Forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3)-expressing Treg cells have the high suppressive potential of the immune system and are fundamental in preserving immune homeostasis and self-tolerance. However, they enhance tumor development by curbing efficient anti-tumor immune mechanisms in malignancies. Moreover, the accumulation of Treg cells in breast tumors is related to the short overall survival of patients. Treg cell frequency has been applied as an independent predicting factor to diagnose patients with a high risk of relapse. Pulling out all populations of Treg cells to promote the efficacy of anticancer treatment methods may potentially lead to hazardous autoimmune disorders. Thus, realizing the exact structure of tumor-infiltrating Treg cells is pivotal to efficiently target Treg cells in tumors. There are exclusive and non-exclusive approaches to lower down and degrade the number/function of Treg cells. These approaches can include inhibiting tumoral migration, depletion, interference with function, and utilizing T cell plasticity. This review article attempts to clarify the implications concerning the involvement of Treg cells in breast cancer progression and discuss the current approaches in the treatment of this cancer via modulation of Treg cells function. © 2019
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