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Effect of Vitamin E Intake on Glycemic Control and Insulin Resistance in Diabetic Patients: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Publisher Pubmed



Asbaghi O1 ; Nazarian B2 ; Yousefi M3 ; Anjomshoae J4 ; Rasekhi H5 ; Sadeghi O6, 7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Cancer Research Center, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Nutrition, School of Health and Nutrition, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
  4. 4. Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia
  5. 5. Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  7. 7. Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Nutrition Journal Published:2023


Abstract

Since a 2014 meta-analysis, several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of vitamin E intake on glycemic indices and insulin resistance in adults with diabetes have reached inconsistent conclusions. Therefore, we updated the previous meta-analysis to summarize the current evidence in this regard. Online databases including PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched to identify relevant studies published up to September 30, 2021, using relevant keywords. Random-effects models were used to obtain overall mean difference (MD) comparing vitamin E intake with a control group. In total, 38 RCTs with a total sample size of 2171 diabetic patients (1110 in vitamin E groups and 1061 in control groups) were included. Combining the results from 28 RCTs on fasting blood glucose, 32 RCTs on HbA1c, 13 RCTs on fasting insulin, and 9 studies on homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) showed a summary MD of -3.35 mg/dL (95% CI: -8.10 to 1.40, P = 0.16), -0.21% (95% CI: -0.33 to -0.09, P = 0.001), -1.05 µIU/mL (95% CI: -1.53 to -0.58, P < 0.001), and -0.44 (95% CI: -0.82 to -0.05, P = 0.02), respectively. This indicates a significant lowering effect of vitamin E on HbA1c, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR, while no significant effect on fasting blood glucose in diabetic patients. However, in subgroup analyses, we found that vitamin E intake significantly reduced fasting blood glucose in studies with an intervention duration of < 10 weeks. In conclusion, vitamin E intake has a beneficial role in improving HbA1c and insulin resistance in a population with diabetes. Moreover, short-term interventions with vitamin E have resulted in lower fasting blood glucose in these patients. This meta-analysis was registered in PROSPERO with code CRD42022343118. © 2023, The Author(s).
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