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Current Advances in Stem Cell Therapy in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis Publisher Pubmed



Zolfaghari Baghbadorani P1 ; Rayati Damavandi A2 ; Moradi S3 ; Ahmadi M4 ; Bemani P1 ; Aria H1, 5 ; Mottedayyen H6 ; Rayati Damavandi A2 ; Eskandari N1 ; Fathi F1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jerib St., Isfahan, 8174673461, Iran
  2. 2. Students' Scientific Research Center, Exceptional Talents Development Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Keshavarz Blvrd, Vesal Shirazi St., Tehran, 1417613151, Iran
  3. 3. School of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Chamran Blvrd., Bandar Abbass, Hormozgan, 7919693116, Iran
  4. 4. School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand St., Fars, Shiraz, 7134814336, Iran
  5. 5. Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fars, Ibn Sina Sq., Fasa, 7461686688, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Ravandi Blvrd, Kashan, Isfahan, 8715988141, Iran
  7. 7. Student's Research Committee, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yakhchal St., Tehran, 193951498, Iran

Source: Reviews in the Neurosciences Published:2023


Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease related to the central nervous system (CNS) with a significant global burden. In this illness, the immune system plays an essential role in its pathophysiology and progression. The currently available treatments are not recognized as curable options and, at best, might slow the progression of MS injuries to the CNS. However, stem cell treatment has provided a new avenue for treating MS. Stem cells may enhance CNS healing and regulate immunological responses. Likewise, stem cells can come from various sources, including adipose, neuronal, bone marrow, and embryonic tissues. Choosing the optimal cell source for stem cell therapy is still a difficult verdict. A type of stem cell known as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is obtainable from different sources and has a strong immunomodulatory impact on the immune system. According to mounting data, the umbilical cord and adipose tissue may serve as appropriate sources for the isolation of MSCs. Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs), as novel stem cell sources with immune-regulatory effects, regenerative properties, and decreased antigenicity, can also be thought of as a new upcoming contender for MS treatment. Overall, the administration of stem cells in different sets of animal and clinical trials has shown immunomodulatory and neuroprotective results. Therefore, this review aims to discuss the different types of stem cells by focusing on MSCs and their mechanisms, which can be used to treat and improve the outcomes of MS disease. © 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.
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