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The Role of Extracellular Vesicles and Microparticles in Central Nervous System Disorders: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Potential Publisher Pubmed



Najdaghi S1 ; Davani DN1 ; Fouladseresht H2 ; Ebrahimi N1, 2 ; Sullman MJM3, 4 ; Moradi M5 ; Eskandari N2, 6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Neuroscience Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Immunology Department, Medical School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Social Sciences, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
  4. 4. Department of Life and Health Sciences, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
  5. 5. Departement of Genetics, School of Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrakord, Iran
  6. 6. Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Published:2024


Abstract

Microscopic, membranous vesicles known as extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been proposed to play a role in the mechanisms underlying central nervous system (CNS) diseases. EVs are secreted by a variety of cells, including myeloid, endothelial, microglial, oligodendroglial, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Body fluids such as plasma, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contain microparticles (MPs). The detection of MPs in CSF may indicate genetic or environmental susceptibility to conditions such as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder. MPs of different origins can exhibit changes in specific biomarkers at various stages of the disease, aiding in the diagnosis and monitoring of neurological conditions. However, understanding the role and clinical applications of MPs is complicated by challenges such as their isolation and dual roles within the CNS. In this review, we discuss the history, characteristics, and roles of MPs in CNS diseases. We also provide practical insights for future research and highlight the challenges that obscure the therapeutic potential of MPs. © The Author(s) 2024.
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