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Bioassay-Guided Isolation in Salvia Abrotanoides Karel. Stem Based on Its Anti-Fungal and Anti-Trichomonas Activity Publisher



Ghanadian M1 ; Afshar R1 ; Fakhim H2 ; Yousefi H3 ; Matkowski A4 ; Khodadadi M5 ; Gharibi S5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, Wroclaw, 50-556, Poland
  5. 5. Core Research Facilities, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences Published:2023


Abstract

Background and purpose: Salvia abrotanoides is considered a medicinal plant and has a broad distribution in Iran. In Iran's traditional medicine, it is also used to treat leishmaniasis, malaria, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, and as a disinfectant. This research aimed to determine the anti-Candida component from S. abratonoides and anti-Trichomonas natural compounds from the stems of this plant. Experimental approach: The plant shoots were collected, dried, and after removing the leaves, grounded. Dried plant material was extracted in a maceration tank, concentrated by a Rotavap, degreased, and fractionated by normal column chromatography. Based on anti-fungal screening against Candida species, Fr. 4, with more anti-fungal activity, was selected for phytochemical analysis, by different chromatographic methods on the silica gel column and Sephadex LH-20. Isolated compounds were elucidated by NMR analysis, mass spectrum, and ultraviolet spectroscopy. Anti-fungal effects were investigated using the fungal suspension, incubation, and parasite-counting methods on purified compounds. Antibacterial effects were assessed using the Broth dilution test and reported according to the MIC parameter. Findings/Results: Two diterpenoid compounds named carnosol (compound 1), 11-hydroxy-12-methoxy-20-norabiata-8, 11, 13-trien (compound 2), and a flavonoid: 6,7-dimethoxy-5, 4′-dihydroxyflavone (compound 3) were isolated and identified. Compound 1 had selective anti-fungal effects against C. albicans, C. glabrata, and C. parapsilosis, but weak toxicity against Trichomonas vaginalis with IC 50 of 675.8μg/mL, less than metronidazole with an IC 50 of 13.2 μg/mL. Conclusion and implications: Carnosol as the main component was assayed against Candida, Aspergillus, Rhizopus, and Trichomanas species. The results confirmed its effect on Candida compared to standard drugs. © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
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