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Incorporation of Graphene Oxide As a Coupling Agent in a 3D Printed Polylactic Acid/Hardystonite Nanocomposite Scaffold for Bone Tissue Regeneration Applications Publisher Pubmed



Tavakoli M1 ; Emadi R1 ; Salehi H2 ; Labbaf S1 ; Varshosaz J3
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules Published:2023


Abstract

3D printing fabrication has become a dominant approach for the creation of tissue engineering constructs as it is accurate, fast, reproducible and can produce patient-specific templates. In this study, 3D printing is applied to create nanocomposite scaffold of polylactic acid (PLA)/hardystonite (HT)-graphene oxide (GO). GO is utilized as a coupling agent of alkaline treated HT nanoparticles within PLA matrix. The addition of HT-GO nanoparticles of up to 30 wt% to PLA matrix was found to increase the degradability from 7.33 ± 0.66 to 16.03 ± 1.47 % during 28 days. Also, the addition of 20 wt% of HT-GO nanoparticles to PLA scaffold (PLA/20HTGO sample) significantly increased the compressive strength (from 7.65 ± 0.86 to 14.66 ± 1.01 MPa) and elastic modulus (from 94.46 ± 18.03 to 189.15 ± 10.87 MPa). The apatite formation on the surface of nanocomposite scaffolds in simulated body fluid within 28 days confirmed the excellent bioactivity of nanocomposite scaffolds. The MG63 cell adhesion and proliferation and, also, the rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells osteogenic differentiation were highly stimulated on the PLA/20HTGO scaffold. According to the sum of results obtained in the current study, the optimized PLA/20HTGO nanocomposite scaffold is highly promising for hard tissue engineering applications. © 2023
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