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Graphene Oxide-Encapsulated Baghdadite Nanocomposite Improved Physical, Mechanical, and Biological Properties of a Vancomycin-Loaded Pmma Bone Cement Publisher Pubmed



Tavakoli M1 ; Najafinezhad A2 ; Mirhaj M1 ; Karbasi S3 ; Varshosaz J4 ; Almusawi MH5 ; Madaninasab P1 ; Sharifianjazi F6 ; Mehrjoo M7, 8 ; Salehi S2 ; Kazemi N2 ; Nasiriharchegani S2
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Materials Engineering, Advanced Materials Research Center, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
  6. 6. Department of Natural Sciences, School of Science and Technology, University of GA, Tbilisi, Georgia
  7. 7. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Iran National Cell Bank, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran

Source: Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition Published:2024


Abstract

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement is commonly used in orthopedic surgeries to fill the bone defects or fix the prostheses. These cements are usually containing amounts of a nonbioactive radiopacifying agent such as barium sulfate and zirconium dioxide, which does not have a good interface compatibility with PMMA, and the clumps formed from these materials can scratch metal counterfaces. In this work, graphene oxide encapsulated baghdadite (GOBgh) nanoparticles were applied as radiopacifying and bioactive agent in a PMMA bone cement containing 2 wt.% of vancomycin (VAN). The addition of 20 wt.% of GOBgh (GOBgh20) nanoparticles to PMMA powder caused a 33.6% increase in compressive strength and a 70.9% increase in elastic modulus compared to the Simplex® P bone cement, and also enhanced the setting properties, radiopacity, antibacterial activity, and the apatite formation in simulated body fluid. In vitro cell assessments confirmed the increase in adhesion and proliferation of MG-63 cells as well as the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on the surface of PMMA-GOBgh20 cement. The chorioallantoic membrane assay revealed the excellent angiogenesis activity of nanocomposite cement samples. In vivo experiments on a rat model also demonstrated the mineralization and bone integration of PMMA-GOBgh20 cement within four weeks. Based on the promising results obtained, PMMA-GOBgh20 bone cement is suggested as an optimal sample for use in orthopedic surgeries. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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